Phenotypic Diversity of Morphological Characteristics of Pitahaya (Selenicereus Megalanthus Haw.) Germplasm in Colombia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphoagronomic Characterization Using Quantitative Descriptors
2.2. Morphoagronomic Characterization Using Qualitative Descriptors
2.3. Morphoagronomic Characterization Taking into Account the Joint Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Descriptors
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Descriptors | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Gen 3 | Gen 4 | Gen 5 | Gen 6 | Gen 7 | Gen 8 | Gen 9 | Gen 10 | Gen 11 | Average | C.V |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morphoagronomic Descriptor | |||||||||||||
Number of fruits (NF) | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 3.48 | 51.5 |
Cladode length (PL) | 93.28 | 78.52 | 87.34 | 96.64 | 110.22 | 116.22 | 127.05 | 96.97 | 120.87 | 153.1 | 100.95 | 118.11 | 31.4 |
Distance between areolas (DBA) | 4.91 | 4.34 | 4.85 | 4.57 | 4.16 | 4.47 | 4.79 | 4.22 | 4.76 | 5.60 | 4.18 | 5.55 | 17.3 |
Leaf rib width (LRW) | 5.60 | 4.24 | 4.71 | 5.23 | 5.28 | 4.74 | 4.31 | 5.29 | 4.53 | 5.76 | 4.22 | 5.90 | 27.6 |
Height of undulations between successive areoles in a rib (HUA) | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.4 | 46.8 |
Number of spines per areola (NSA) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.99 | 10.8 |
Longest spine length (LSL) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.32 | 21.0 |
Morphoagronomic and physicochemical descriptor of the fruits | |||||||||||||
Fruit length (FL) | 101.22 | 100.29 | 89.16 | 100.33 | 94.42 | 93.39 | 99.30 | 94.34 | 98.22 | 98.52 | 95.10 | 96.75 | 9.2 |
Fruit width (FW) | 60.30 | 70.15 | 56.32 | 65.33 | 57.60 | 49.08 | 58.37 | 65.00 | 67.44 | 61.84 | 60.25 | 61.66 | 14.5 |
Fruit length/width ratio (FRLW) | 1.69 | 1.43 | 1.60 | 1.56 | 1.64 | 2.69 | 1.71 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.60 | 1.59 | 1.62 | 35.5 |
Fruit weight (FWE) | 204.90 | 274.10 | 161.50 | 193.75 | 182.60 | 180.80 | 199.17 | 206.20 | 270.10 | 215.60 | 169.40 | 207 | 28.9 |
Number of bracts (NB) | 44.40 | 39.40 | 46.00 | 41.88 | 50.70 | 40.60 | 39.83 | 48.60 | 43.30 | 47.30 | 37.90 | 43.97 | 13.8 |
Equatorial bract length (EBL) | 19.00 | 21.71 | 18.82 | 26.34 | 18.32 | 16.85 | 27.15 | 19.72 | 21.53 | 19.25 | 22.43 | 20.87 | 29.9 |
Equatorial bract width (EBE) | 15.86 | 19.95 | 15.64 | 22.90 | 16.48 | 15.85 | 24.19 | 20.65 | 22.70 | 18.27 | 18.12 | 19.41 | 36.9 |
Length of longest bract (LLB) | 42.23 | 47.05 | 42.92 | 46.83 | 43.28 | 45.38 | 48.35 | 47.15 | 46.10 | 46.71 | 46.93 | 45.61 | 11.4 |
Pericarp thickness (PT) | 3.54 | 4.18 | 4.27 | 3.91 | 3.18 | 3.69 | 2.37 | 3.23 | 3.71 | 3.61 | 2.05 | 3.42 | 25.6 |
Shell weight (SW) | 76.17 | 105.83 | 67.83 | 79.67 | 57.00 | 66.00 | 59.50 | 75.00 | 98.17 | 84.33 | 43.33 | 74.27 | 33.6 |
Pulp weight (PWF) | 129.17 | 148.83 | 86.50 | 111.00 | 84.17 | 87.33 | 129.00 | 105.67 | 156.33 | 119.17 | 111.00 | 116.62 | 31.9 |
Peel/pulp ratio (PPR) | 0.59 | 0.73 | 0.88 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.46 | 0.73 | 0.63 | 0.67 | 0.39 | 0.65 | 32.2 |
Soluble solids (SS) | 15.80 | 15.73 | 15.29 | 15.67 | 16.97 | 12.43 | 15.85 | 16.30 | 17.03 | 16.83 | 15.70 | 15.94 | 12.4 |
Acidity (A) | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 24.4 |
Bract color index (BCI) | 1.58 | 1.05 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 1.18 | 1.37 | 1.27 | 0.37 | 0.67 | 0.86 | 1.27 | 1.07 | 68.9 |
Descriptors | Category | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Gen 3 | Gen 4 | Gen 5 | Gen 6 | Gen 7 | Gen 8 | Gen 9 | Gen 10 | Gen 11 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fruit shape (FS) | Elongated | 100 | --- | 90 | 70 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 40 | --- | 60 | 80 |
Round | --- | 100 | 10 | 30 | --- | --- | --- | 60 | 100 | 40 | 20 | |
Surface texture of the cladodes (STF) | Smooth | 100 | 100 | 50 | 100 | 50 | 20 | 100 | 90 | 100 | 100 | 90 |
Rough | --- | --- | 50 | --- | 50 | 80 | --- | 10 | --- | --- | 10 | |
Presence of wax (PW) | Absence | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Shape of the margin between areolas (SMA) | Concave | 80 | 40 | 70 | 80 | 20 | 20 | 30 | 90 | 80 | 60 | 90 |
Convex | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 10 | |
Right | 20 | 60 | 30 | 20 | 80 | 80 | 70 | 10 | 20 | 40 | --- | |
Areola coloring (AC) | Light grey | 100 | --- | 20 | 10 | 50 | 100 | 30 | --- | --- | 70 | 60 |
Dark grey | --- | 100 | 80 | 90 | 50 | --- | 70 | 100 | 100 | 30 | 40 | |
Thorns color (TC) | Dull brown | --- | --- | 40 | 20 | 10 | --- | --- | 10 | 10 | --- | 10 |
Bone brown | --- | --- | 10 | --- | --- | --- | 10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | |
Light brown | 100 | --- | --- | 10 | 60 | 100 | 60 | 50 | 80 | 70 | 30 | |
Brown | --- | --- | 40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 30 | 10 | --- | --- | |
Dark brown | --- | 100 | 10 | 70 | 30 | --- | 30 | 10 | --- | 30 | 60 | |
Pigmentation at the tips and margins of vegetative shoots (PTM) | Absence | 20 | 40 | 10 | 30 | --- | 60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Light | 60 | 60 | 40 | 40 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 10 | 100 | 50 | 50 | |
Intense | 20 | --- | 50 | 30 | 50 | 20 | 60 | 90 | --- | 50 | 50 |
Origin | Quantity | Height | North Latitude | West Longitude |
---|---|---|---|---|
Miraflores (Gen1. Gen2. Gen3. Gen4. Gen6. Gen7) | 6 | 1432 | 5°11′47″ | 73°8′40″ |
Zetaquira (Gen 5) | 1 | 1665 | 5°17′2″ | 73°10′13″ |
Páez (Gen8. Gen9) | 2 | 1335 | 5°13′36″ | 73°7′36″ |
Berbeo (Gen 10. Gen11) | 2 | 1300 | 5°5′56″ | 73°3′6″ |
Quantitative | Acronyms | Unit of Measurement | Qualitative | Acronyms |
---|---|---|---|---|
Morphoagronomic Descriptors | ||||
Number of fruits | (NF) | # | Surface texture of the filocladiolus | (STF) |
Philocladium length | (PL) | cm | Shape of the margin between areolas | (SMA) |
Distance between areolas | (DBA) | cm | Areola coloring | (AC) |
Leaf rib width | (LRW) | cm | Thorn color | (TC) |
Height of undulations between successive areoles in a rib | (HUA) | cm | Pigmentation at the tips and margins of vegetative shoots | (PTM) |
Number of spines per areola | (NSA) | # | Presence of wax | (PW) |
Longest spine length | (LSL) | cm | ||
Morphoagronomic and physicochemical descriptors of the fruits | ||||
Fruit length | (FL) | mm | Fruit shape | (FS) |
Fruit width | (FW) | mm | ||
Fruit length/width ratio | (FRLW) | cm | ||
Fruit weight | (FWE) | g | ||
Pericarp thickness | (PT) | g | ||
Shell weight | (SW) | g | ||
Pulp weight | (PWF) | g | ||
Peel/pulp ratio | (PPR) | # | ||
Soluble solids | (SS) | (° brix) | ||
Acidity | (A) | % | ||
Number of bracts | (NB) | # | ||
Equatorial bract length | (EBL) | cm | ||
Equatorial bract width | (EBE) | cm | ||
Bract Color Index | (BCI) |
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Morillo-Coronado, A.C.; Manjarres Hernández, E.H.; Forero-Mancipe, L. Phenotypic Diversity of Morphological Characteristics of Pitahaya (Selenicereus Megalanthus Haw.) Germplasm in Colombia. Plants 2021, 10, 2255. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112255
Morillo-Coronado AC, Manjarres Hernández EH, Forero-Mancipe L. Phenotypic Diversity of Morphological Characteristics of Pitahaya (Selenicereus Megalanthus Haw.) Germplasm in Colombia. Plants. 2021; 10(11):2255. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112255
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorillo-Coronado, Ana Cruz, Elsa Helena Manjarres Hernández, and Lucimar Forero-Mancipe. 2021. "Phenotypic Diversity of Morphological Characteristics of Pitahaya (Selenicereus Megalanthus Haw.) Germplasm in Colombia" Plants 10, no. 11: 2255. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112255