Ultra-Structural Alterations in Botrytis cinerea—The Causal Agent of Gray Mold—Treated with Salt Solutions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals, Fungal Isolate, and Plant Materials
2.2. Effect of Salts on Gray Mold Disease
2.3. Effect of Salts on B. cinerea Radial Growth
2.4. Effect of Salts on B. cinerea Conidial Germination and Germ Tube Elongation
2.5. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.6. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
2.7. Effect of Salt Solutions on Reactive Species of Oxygen (ROS) Generation
2.8. Effect of Salt Solutions on Conidium Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP)
2.9. Effect of Salt Solutions on Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Salts on Gray Mold Disease
3.2. Effect of Salts on B. cinerea Radial Growth
3.3. Effect of Salts on B. cinerea Conidial Germination and Germ Tube Elongation
3.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
3.5. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
3.6. Effect of Salt Solutions on Reactive Species of Oxygen (ROS) Generation
3.7. Effect of Salt Solutions on Conidium Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP)
3.8. Effect of Salt Solutions on ATP Content
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Salts | Mycelial Growth (mm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
24 h | 48 h | 72 h | 96 h | |
Control | 19.2a | 38.8a | 60.8a | 79.2a |
PB 0.1% | 13.2b | 18.0c | 29.2c | 34.0c |
PB 0.2% | 10.8d | 13.6e | 14.8f | 16.8f |
PB 0.3% | 0.0e | 0.0f | 0.0g | 0.0g |
SSi 0.1% | 12.8bc | 15.6d | 23.2d | 27.2d |
SSi 0.2% | 10.4d | 12.8e | 14.4f | 15.6f |
SSi 0.3% | 0.0e | 0.0f | 0.0g | 0.0g |
CCh 0.1% | 18a | 32.8b | 41.6b | 48.0b |
CCh 0.2% | 11.6cd | 18.8c | 20.4e | 21.2e |
CCh 0.3% | 0.0e | 0.0f | 0.0g | 0.0g |
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Youssef, K.; Roberto, S.R.; de Oliveira, A.G. Ultra-Structural Alterations in Botrytis cinerea—The Causal Agent of Gray Mold—Treated with Salt Solutions. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 582. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100582
Youssef K, Roberto SR, de Oliveira AG. Ultra-Structural Alterations in Botrytis cinerea—The Causal Agent of Gray Mold—Treated with Salt Solutions. Biomolecules. 2019; 9(10):582. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100582
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoussef, Khamis, Sergio Ruffo Roberto, and Admilton G. de Oliveira. 2019. "Ultra-Structural Alterations in Botrytis cinerea—The Causal Agent of Gray Mold—Treated with Salt Solutions" Biomolecules 9, no. 10: 582. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9100582