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Biomolecules
Volume 15
Issue 8
10.3390/biom15081112
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Circulating Lipid Profiles Indicate Incomplete Metabolic Recovery After Weight Loss, Suggesting the Need for Additional Interventions in Severe Obesity

by
Alina-Iuliana Onoiu
1,
Vicente Cambra-Cortés
1,
Andrea Jiménez-Franco
1,
Anna Hernández-Aguilera
2,
David Parada
2,
Francesc Riu
2,
Antonio Zorzano
3,
Jordi Camps
1,* and
Jorge Joven
1,*
1
Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
2
Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
3
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, C. Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomolecules 2025, 15(8), 1112; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081112 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 1 July 2025 / Revised: 28 July 2025 / Accepted: 31 July 2025 / Published: 1 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Biomarkers)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The effects of long-term adjustments in body weight on the lipid balance in patients with severe obesity are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate a non-invasive lipidomic approach to identifying biomarkers that could help predict which patients may require additional therapies before and after weight loss. Using mass spectrometry, 275 lipid species were analysed in non-obese controls, patients with severe obesity, and patients one year after bariatric surgery. The results showed that severe obesity disrupts lipid pathways, contributing to lipotoxicity, inflammation, mitochondrial stress, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Although weight loss improved these disturbances, surgery did not fully normalise the lipid profiles of all patients. Outcomes varied depending on their baseline liver health and genetic differences. Persistent alterations in cholesterol handling, membrane composition, and mitochondrial function were observed in partial responders. Elevated levels of sterol lipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids emerged as markers of complete metabolic recovery, identifying candidates for targeted post-surgical interventions. These findings support the use of lipidomics to personalise obesity treatment and follow-up.
Keywords: biomarkers; fatty acid metabolism; lipidomics; obesity; oxylipins; metabolic surgery; precision medicine biomarkers; fatty acid metabolism; lipidomics; obesity; oxylipins; metabolic surgery; precision medicine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Onoiu, A.-I.; Cambra-Cortés, V.; Jiménez-Franco, A.; Hernández-Aguilera, A.; Parada, D.; Riu, F.; Zorzano, A.; Camps, J.; Joven, J. Circulating Lipid Profiles Indicate Incomplete Metabolic Recovery After Weight Loss, Suggesting the Need for Additional Interventions in Severe Obesity. Biomolecules 2025, 15, 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081112

AMA Style

Onoiu A-I, Cambra-Cortés V, Jiménez-Franco A, Hernández-Aguilera A, Parada D, Riu F, Zorzano A, Camps J, Joven J. Circulating Lipid Profiles Indicate Incomplete Metabolic Recovery After Weight Loss, Suggesting the Need for Additional Interventions in Severe Obesity. Biomolecules. 2025; 15(8):1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081112

Chicago/Turabian Style

Onoiu, Alina-Iuliana, Vicente Cambra-Cortés, Andrea Jiménez-Franco, Anna Hernández-Aguilera, David Parada, Francesc Riu, Antonio Zorzano, Jordi Camps, and Jorge Joven. 2025. "Circulating Lipid Profiles Indicate Incomplete Metabolic Recovery After Weight Loss, Suggesting the Need for Additional Interventions in Severe Obesity" Biomolecules 15, no. 8: 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081112

APA Style

Onoiu, A.-I., Cambra-Cortés, V., Jiménez-Franco, A., Hernández-Aguilera, A., Parada, D., Riu, F., Zorzano, A., Camps, J., & Joven, J. (2025). Circulating Lipid Profiles Indicate Incomplete Metabolic Recovery After Weight Loss, Suggesting the Need for Additional Interventions in Severe Obesity. Biomolecules, 15(8), 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081112

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