SU(2) Quantum Yang–Mills Thermodynamics: Some Theory and Some Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Thermal Ground State and (Quasi-Particle) Excitations
2.1. Charge-Modulus One (Anti)calorons
2.2. Thermal-Ground-State Estimate: (Anti)caloron Centers vs. Peripheries
3. SU(2) and the Cosmological Model
3.1. The Postulate of SU(2) Describing Thermal Photon Gases
3.2. Temperature-Redshift Relation and 3D Ising Criticality
3.3. Dark Matter at High Redshifts
3.4. Results on TT, TE, and EE
4. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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1. | We follow the convention to denote group G’s Lie algebra by g. |
2. | The holonomy of a gauge-field configuration at finite temperature relates to its Polyakov loop at spatial infinity: If this quantity coincides with an element of the center of the group SU(2) then one speaks of a trivial holonomy, if this is not the case then the configuration is said to be of nontrivial holonomy. |
3. | The existence of phase boundaries in the thermalised situation is irrelevant when a monochromatic plane wave is considered. |
4. | For the present CMB with K and eV condition (11), when converted into an upper bound on frequency , it reads MHz. |
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Hofmann, R. SU(2) Quantum Yang–Mills Thermodynamics: Some Theory and Some Applications. Universe 2018, 4, 132. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4120132
Hofmann R. SU(2) Quantum Yang–Mills Thermodynamics: Some Theory and Some Applications. Universe. 2018; 4(12):132. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4120132
Chicago/Turabian StyleHofmann, Ralf. 2018. "SU(2) Quantum Yang–Mills Thermodynamics: Some Theory and Some Applications" Universe 4, no. 12: 132. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4120132