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Electronics
Volume 15
Issue 6
10.3390/electronics15061158
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Retraction of Electronics 2025, 14(21), 4204.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Dan et al. Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204

by
Yangqing Dan
1,
Ke Sun
1,
Chenxuan Wang
1,
Xiahui Zhang
1 and
Le Yu
2,*
1
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310007, China
2
School of Automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430062, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2026, 15(6), 1158; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15061158
Submission received: 23 February 2026 / Accepted: 23 February 2026 / Published: 11 March 2026
Versions Notes
The journal retracts the article titled “Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the publisher’s attention regarding an overlap between this paper [1] and an earlier publication [2] originating from a different authorship group published in another language.
In accordance with standard journal procedures, the Editorial Office and Editorial Board conducted an investigation that confirmed an extensive overlap with the above-mentioned source. Following discussions, the Editorial Board and the authors agreed to retract this article [1] as per MDPI’s retraction policy.
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Electronics.
The authors have been informed of this retraction and have indicated their agreement with this decision.

References

  1. Dan, Y.; Sun, K.; Wang, C.; Zhang, X.; Yu, L. RETRACTED: Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  2. Zhu, J.; Zhang, X.; Wang, F.; Sun, H.; Xu, H.; Wang, W. An Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay Strategy for Microgrids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factor. Power Syst. Technol. 2025, 49, 3533–3543. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Dan, Y.; Sun, K.; Wang, C.; Zhang, X.; Yu, L. RETRACTED: Dan et al. Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204. Electronics 2026, 15, 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15061158

AMA Style

Dan Y, Sun K, Wang C, Zhang X, Yu L. RETRACTED: Dan et al. Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204. Electronics. 2026; 15(6):1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15061158

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dan, Yangqing, Ke Sun, Chenxuan Wang, Xiahui Zhang, and Le Yu. 2026. "RETRACTED: Dan et al. Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204" Electronics 15, no. 6: 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15061158

APA Style

Dan, Y., Sun, K., Wang, C., Zhang, X., & Yu, L. (2026). RETRACTED: Dan et al. Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Smart Grids Based on Composite Parameter Protection Factors. Electronics 2025, 14, 4204. Electronics, 15(6), 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15061158

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