Photovoltaic Thermal Collectors Integrated with Phase Change Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. PVT/PCM Hybrid Systems
2.1. Air-Based Hybrid PVT/PCM System
2.2. Water-Based Hybrid PVT/PCM System
3. PVT Systems with Nanofluids
4. PV Modules Integrated with PCMs
5. PV Modules Integrated with a Phase-Change Material and Fins
6. Phase-Change Material/Concentrated PV System
7. Building-Integrated PVs (BIPVs) Using PCMs
8. Conclusions and Future Scope
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|---|
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Preet et al., 2017 [35] | India | PVT system with and without PCM | Experimental investigation | Decreasing the PV panel’s temperature increased its output power, i.e., electrical yield, and improved the production of electricity. |
Simón-Allué et al., 2019 [54] | Spain | PCM influence on different models of PVT collectors | Experimental study | Distribution of heat output improved, generating up to 30% of the full thermal power after sun exposure was removed. |
Smith et al., 2014 [55] | United Kingdom | PV energy output enhanced by PCM cooling | Global analysis | Better results were seen, whereby an optimal PCM melting temperature was chosen for the place in question, and the PCM melted completely during the day. |
Waqas et al., 2017 [56] | China | Thermal behavior of a PV panel integrated with PCM-filled metallic tubes | Experimental study | An efficiency increase of up to 3% was observed. The fin effect was observed to cool the PV panel, as the PV panel was kept at a lower temperature. |
Yang et al., 2017 [13] | China | Comparison of PVT/PCM and PVT systems | Experimental investigation | Thermal efficiencies of the PVT and PVT/PCM systems were 58.35% 69.84%, respectively. Solar electrical efficiencies of the PVT and PVT/PCM systems were 6.98% and 8.16%, respectively. |
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Browne et al., 2016 [47] | Ireland | PVT/PCM | Heat retention | PCM was seen to be an efficient way of retaining heat for later removal of heat. |
Kazemian et al., 2020 [57] | Mashhad, Iran | Glazed and unglazed PVT system integrated with PCM | Experimental approach | The dual-use of glass cover and PCM in PVTs contributed to increased efficiencies. |
Lin et al., 2021 [34] | Australia | Optimization of a solar PVT collector coupled with PCM thermal energy storage | Experimental investigation | The total system average efficiency rose from 37.6 to 40.2%, and the latent TES capacity average daily use ratio improved from 13.3 to 79.5%. |
Malvi et al., 2011 [58] | United Kingdom | Combined photovoltaic solar–thermal system incorporating PCM | Energy balance | The PV output increased typically by 9%, with an average water temperature increase of 20 °C. |
Qasim et al., 2020 [44] | Pakistan | Hybrid PCMs on thermal management of PV panels | Experimental study | 1-PCM configuration demonstrated improved performance only when 1-PCM configuration had lower-melting point PCM than those in 2-PCM configurations |
Touati et al., 2017 [45] | France | Discharging from a multiple-PCM storage tank | Numerical study | The geometry of the fins reduced discharge time, as the staggered fins provided better performance than the in-line fins. |
Xu et al., 2020 [42] | China | PVT/PCM | Experimental study | The findings showed that the use of the PCM in the solar collector greatly reduced PV panel temperature variations and increased the performance of the PV system. |
Yuan et al., 2018 [46] | China | PVT/PCM | Numerical simulation and experimental study | The PVT with PCM and water-pipe-based PVT results for daily electrical efficiency were 12.1% and 11.9%, respectively; the thermal efficiencies of the two systems were 42.3% and 44.5%, respectively. |
Bigaila and Athienitis, 2017 [59] | Canada | PVT air collector assisting a façade-integrated, small-scale heat pump with radiant PCM panel | Numerical study | As compared to the entire air system, drops in energy consumption of 14.5% and in heating power of 11.3% were achieved. |
Lin and Ma, 2016 [60] | Australia | Taguchi–Fibonacci search method | Experimental study | The coefficient of thermal efficiency enhancement of the house increased from 45.54 to 72.22% relative to the results without optimization. |
Reference | Location | Parameter | Type of Study | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Al-Waeli et al., 2017 [61] | Selangor, Malaysia. | Nanofluid- and nano-PCM-based PVT | experimental study | Increased the open circuit voltage from 11–13 to 20–21 V, the power rose from 61.1 to 120.7 W, the electrical efficiency rose from 7.1 to 13.7%, and thermal efficiency reached 72%. |
Eisapour et al., 2020 [20] | PVT systems using microencapsulated PCM nanoslurry coolant | Exergy and energy analysis | Higher performance energy and energy efficiencies due to higher thermic conductivity and heat capacity were found. | |
Ho et al., 2016 [6,26] | Taiwan | PV integrated with double water-saturated MEPCM layers | Numerical simulation | The thermal and electrical efficiency of the MEPCM/PV module greatly improved. |
Naghdbishi et al., 2020 [62] | Iran | MWCNT/water-based PVT/PCM | Experimental investigation | The thermal and electrical efficiencies increased up to 23.58% and 4.21%, respectively, as compared to pure water as coolant fluid. |
Qiu et al., 2016 [65] | China | MPCM slurry-based PVT system | Experimental investigation | (1) Increasing the amount of slurry Reynolds resulted in improved solar thermal and electrical efficiencies, an increased drop in pressure, and decreased module temperature, and (2) increasing the concentration of MPCM resulted in decreased module temperature and an increased drop in pressure. |
Abdelrazik, Saidur, and Al-Sulaiman, 2020 [66] | Saudi Arabia | PVT/PCM system using different combinations of nanoenhanced PCM | Thermal regulation | Increasing the loading of nanoparticles in a PCM provided better cooling and improved overall performance. |
Sardarabadi et al., 2017 [63] | Iran | ZnO/water nanofluid and PCM in PVT systems | Experimental study | The simultaneous use of both a nanofluid and a PCM for the cooling system, based on the results of an exergy analysis, improved the system average exergy performance by more than 23% relative to that of a traditional PV module. |
Tanuwijava et al., 2013 [67] | Taiwan | Thermal management performance of MEPCM modules for PV applications | Numerical Investigation | The microencapsulated PCM layer aspect ratio had important effects on the characteristics of heat transfer and overall thermal efficiency. |
Reference | Location | Parameter | Type of Study | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Al Imam et al., 2016 [41] | Bangladesh | Compound parabolic concentrator and PCM in a PVT solar collector | Experimental study | The overall efficiency of PVT was between 55% and 63% for a clear day, the thermal efficiency ranged from 40% to 50% for a clear day. |
Cui et al., 2016 [88] | China | Concentrating photovoltaic–thermoelectric system with PCM | Theoretical work | The findings revealed that the PV/PCM/TE system’s efficiency was superior to those of single-PV panel and PV/TE systems. |
Cui et al., 2017 [89] | China | A concentrated photovoltaic- thermoelectric system with PCM | Experimental investigation | Such a hybrid system had promising potential for the full-spectrum use of solar power. |
Emam et al., 2017 [76] | Egypt | Inclined CPV/PCM system | Study and analysis | The angle of inclination of CPV/PCM system had a notable impact on the time taken to reach the full melting state, the transient difference of the mean cell temperature, and the uniformity of the PV local temperature. |
Tabet Aoul et al., 2018 [19] | United Arab Emirate | CPV/PCM/T system with FPC | Experimental study | While the CPV/PCM/T generated less net energy (1527 kWh/m2.day) than the FPC (1803 kWh/m2-day), the production cost was 28% lower than that of the FPCC. |
Reference | Location | Parameter | Type of Study | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Huang et al., 2004 [92] | Ireland | BIPV using PCM | Experimentally validated numerical model | The temperature moderation achieved will lead to considerable changes in the operating performance of photovoltaic facades. |
A. Hasan et al., 2016 [91] | United Arab Emirates | In a hot environment, a PV/PCM device improving building energy efficiency | Experimental study | There was a 7.2% rise in PV power production at peak and 5% on average, along with an increase in indoor cooling effect of 9.5% at peak and 7% on daytime average. |
A. Hasan et al., 2010 [90] | Ireland | PCM for improving the thermal control of a building-integrated PV | Experimental study | For 30 min, a mean temperature reduction of 18 °C was reached, while a temperature drop of 10 °C was sustained for 5 h at 1000 W/m2 insolation. |
Bigaila and Athienitis, 2017 [59] | Canada | PVT air collector assisting a façade-integrated, small-scale heat pump with radiant PCM panel | Numerical study | Compared to the entire air system, drops in energy consumption of 14.5% and in heating power of 11.3% were achieved. |
Huang et al., 2006 [93] | United Kingdom | PCM in BIPV | Experimental evaluation | PCM was shown to be an effective means of minimizing temperature rise in PV systems. |
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Awad, M.M.; Ahmed, O.K.; Ali, O.M.; Alwan, N.T.; Yaqoob, S.J.; Nayyar, A.; Abouhawwash, M.; Alrasheedi, A.F. Photovoltaic Thermal Collectors Integrated with Phase Change Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis. Electronics 2022, 11, 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030337
Awad MM, Ahmed OK, Ali OM, Alwan NT, Yaqoob SJ, Nayyar A, Abouhawwash M, Alrasheedi AF. Photovoltaic Thermal Collectors Integrated with Phase Change Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis. Electronics. 2022; 11(3):337. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030337
Chicago/Turabian StyleAwad, Muthanna Mohammed, Omer Khalil Ahmed, Obed Majeed Ali, Naseer T. Alwan, Salam J. Yaqoob, Anand Nayyar, Mohamed Abouhawwash, and Adel Fahad Alrasheedi. 2022. "Photovoltaic Thermal Collectors Integrated with Phase Change Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis" Electronics 11, no. 3: 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030337
APA StyleAwad, M. M., Ahmed, O. K., Ali, O. M., Alwan, N. T., Yaqoob, S. J., Nayyar, A., Abouhawwash, M., & Alrasheedi, A. F. (2022). Photovoltaic Thermal Collectors Integrated with Phase Change Materials: A Comprehensive Analysis. Electronics, 11(3), 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030337