Assessment of Household Solid Waste Generation and Composition by Building Type in Da Nang, Vietnam
by
Jannik Vetter-Gindele 1,*
, Andreas Braun 2, Gebhard Warth 2, Tram Thi Quynh Bui 3, Felix Bachofer 4 and Ludger Eltrop 1
Jannik Vetter-Gindele 1,*, Andreas Braun 2, Gebhard Warth 2, Tram Thi Quynh Bui 3, Felix Bachofer 4 and Ludger Eltrop 1
1
Institute of Energy Economics and Rational Energy Use (IER), University of Stuttgart, 70565 Stuttgart, Germany
2
Institute of Geography, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
3
Da Nang Institute for Socio-Economic Development, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
4
German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center, 82234 Wessling, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Resources 2019, 8(4), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources8040171
Received: 30 September 2019 / Revised: 29 October 2019 / Accepted: 30 October 2019 / Published: 5 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underutilised Resources in Urban Environments)
This study assesses the quantity and composition of household solid waste (HSW) in the City of Da Nang and proposes a transparent and standardised method for its assessment through a combination of very-high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery, field surveys, questionnaires, and solid waste measurements on the ground. This was carried out in order to identify underutilised resources and to obtain discrete planning values at city level. The procedure proved to be a suitable method for reliable data gathering. To describe HSW generation, 818 valid datasets, subdivided into five building types, and their location were used. The average HSW generation rate was 297 g per capita per day. Within a total of 19 subcategories, organic waste had a share of 62.9%. The specific generation and composition of HSW correlates positively with both the building type and the spatial location within the city. The most HSW (509 g per capita per day), by far, was generated in the ‘villa-type’ building while in the ‘basic-type’ building, this was the least (167 g per capita per day). Taking into account the number of individual buildings, the total HSW generation in Da Nang in 2015 was estimated between 109,844 and 164,455 tonnes per year, which corresponds to about one-third to one-half of the total municipal solid waste.
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Keywords:
household solid waste (HSW); waste composition analysis; waste generation rate; solid waste measurement; remote sensing; building type
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MDPI and ACS Style
Vetter-Gindele, J.; Braun, A.; Warth, G.; Bui, T.T.Q.; Bachofer, F.; Eltrop, L. Assessment of Household Solid Waste Generation and Composition by Building Type in Da Nang, Vietnam. Resources 2019, 8, 171.
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