Alcohol Modulates the Biogenesis and Composition of Microglia-Derived Exosomes
Brennetta J. Crenshaw 1, Sanjay Kumar 2, Courtnee’ R. Bell 1, Leandra B. Jones 1, Sparkle D. Williams 2, Sabita N. Saldanha 3, Sameer Joshi 4
, Rajnish Sahu 4, Brian Sims 2 and Qiana L. Matthews 1,3,*
, Rajnish Sahu 4, Brian Sims 2 and Qiana L. Matthews 1,3,*
1
Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
2
Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
3
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
4
Center for Nanobiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biology 2019, 8(2), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology8020025
Received: 16 March 2019 / Revised: 19 April 2019 / Accepted: 22 April 2019 / Published: 27 April 2019
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that have emerged as an important tool for intercellular communication. In the central nervous system, exosomes can mediate glia and neuronal communication. Once released from the donor cell, exosomes can act as discrete vesicles and travel to distant and proximal recipient cells to alter cellular function. Microglia cells secrete exosomes due to stress stimuli of alcohol abuse. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of alcohol exposure on the biogenesis and composition of exosomes derived from microglia cell line BV-2. The BV-2 cells were cultured in exosome-free media and were either mock treated (control) or treated with 50 mM or 100 mM of alcohol for 48 and 72 h. Our results demonstrated that alcohol significantly impacted BV-2 cell morphology, viability, and protein content. Most importantly, our studies revealed that exosome biogenesis and composition was affected by alcohol treatment. View Full-TextKeywords:
exosome; biogenesis; microglia; tetraspanins; alcohol
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Crenshaw, B.J.; Kumar, S.; Bell, C.R.; Jones, L.B.; Williams, S.D.; Saldanha, S.N.; Joshi, S.; Sahu, R.; Sims, B.; Matthews, Q.L. Alcohol Modulates the Biogenesis and Composition of Microglia-Derived Exosomes. Biology 2019, 8, 25.
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