Atrial High-Rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Dynamic Changes in Episodes and Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study and Population Characteristics
3.2. Study Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N (%) (n = 104) | |
---|---|
Age * | 79.7 (74.0–84.2) |
Female sex | 35 (33.7) |
Heart failure | 27 (26.0) |
Diabetes | 36 (34.6) |
Stroke | 8 (7.7) |
CAD | 31 (29.8) |
PAD | 16 (15.4) |
Hypertension | 87 (83.7) |
CKD (n = 86) | 40 (46.5) |
CHA2DS2-VASc * | 4 (3–5) |
Total IAB (n = 102) | 7 (6.9) |
Class I/III AADs (n = 95) | 3 (3.2) |
Beta-blockers (n = 96) | 55 (57.3) |
ACEi/ARB/ARNI (n = 96) | 55 (57.3) |
MRA (n = 96) | 13 (12.5) |
Statin (n = 96) | 52 (54.2) |
Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | p-Value | CI | HR | p-Value | CI | |
Age | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.96–1.05 | |||
Age ≥ 80 years | 1.23 | 0.56 | 0.61–2.50 | |||
Female sex | 0.74 | 0.45 | 0.35–1.61 | |||
CHA2DS2-VASc | 1.41 | <0.01 | 1.10–1.81 | 1.40 | 0.01 | 1.07–1.83 |
CKD | 1.24 | 0.57 | 0.59–2.57 | |||
Pacing mode at implant | ||||||
DDD | Ref. | |||||
VVI | 1.10 | 0.92 | 0.14–8.56 | |||
AAI | 1.48 | 0.53 | 0.43–5.06 | |||
VDD | 0.86 | 0.76 | 0.32–2.30 | |||
Total IAB | 1.91 | 0.24 | 0.66–5.53 | |||
Longest AHRE episode at enrollment | ||||||
5–59 min | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
1 h–11 h 59 min | 1.74 | 0.18 | 0.78–3.88 | 1.52 | 0.31 | 0.68–3.43 |
12 h–23 h 59 min | 7.94 | <0.01 | 2.27–27.79 | 8.15 | <0.01 | 2.32–28.65 |
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Imberti, J.F.; Bonini, N.; Tosetti, A.; Mei, D.A.; Gerra, L.; Malavasi, V.L.; Mazza, A.; Lip, G.Y.H.; Boriani, G. Atrial High-Rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Dynamic Changes in Episodes and Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation. Biology 2022, 11, 443. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030443
Imberti JF, Bonini N, Tosetti A, Mei DA, Gerra L, Malavasi VL, Mazza A, Lip GYH, Boriani G. Atrial High-Rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Dynamic Changes in Episodes and Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation. Biology. 2022; 11(3):443. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030443
Chicago/Turabian StyleImberti, Jacopo Francesco, Niccolò Bonini, Alberto Tosetti, Davide Antonio Mei, Luigi Gerra, Vincenzo Livio Malavasi, Andrea Mazza, Gregory Y. H. Lip, and Giuseppe Boriani. 2022. "Atrial High-Rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Dynamic Changes in Episodes and Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation" Biology 11, no. 3: 443. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030443
APA StyleImberti, J. F., Bonini, N., Tosetti, A., Mei, D. A., Gerra, L., Malavasi, V. L., Mazza, A., Lip, G. Y. H., & Boriani, G. (2022). Atrial High-Rate Episodes Detected by Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Dynamic Changes in Episodes and Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation. Biology, 11(3), 443. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030443