Antimicrobial and Methicillin Resistance Pattern of Potential Mastitis-Inducing Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolates from the Mammary Secretion of Dairy Goats
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Bacterial Isolation
2.4. Identification of Bacterial Isolates
2.5. Phenotypic Methods for Antimicrobial Resistance Detection in Staphylococcus species
2.5.1. Disk Diffusion Method (Kirby–Bauer)
2.5.2. Automated Commercial Phenotypic Method—VITEK 2 COMPACT System
2.6. Detection of mecA and mecC genes in Presumptive Methicillin-Resistant Strains
2.6.1. DNA Extraction
2.6.2. Real-Time PCR Reactions
3. Results
3.1. Staphylococcus spp. Isolation and Species Identification by MALDI-TOF MS
3.2. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of S. aureus and CoNS Strains
3.3. MICs Determination of Resistant S. aureus and CoNS Strains
3.4. Identification of MRSA and MR-CoNS via Detection of Methicillin Resistance-Associated Genes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Target Gene | Nucleotide Sequence (5′-3′) | PCR Product Size (bp) |
---|---|---|
mecA | F: TCCAGATTACAACTTCACCAGG | 162 |
R: CCACTTCATATCTTGTAACG | ||
mecC | F: GAAAAAAAGGCTTAGAACGCCTC | 138 |
R: GAAGATCTTTTCCGTTTTCAGC |
Isolates | 1st Real Time PCR Assay | 2nd Real Time PCR Assay | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
nuc | SCCmec/orfX | mecA/mecC | mecA | mecC | |
1.CoNS * | + | + | + | + | − |
9.CoNS * | + | + | + | + | − |
19.CoNS * | + | + | + | + | − |
21.CoNS * | + | + | + | + | − |
26.CoNS * | + | + | + | + | − |
28.SA * | + | + | + | + | − |
36.SA * | + | − | − | − | − |
44.SA * | + | + | + | + | − |
45.SA * | + | + | + | + | − |
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Nelli, A.; Voidarou, C.; Venardou, B.; Fotou, K.; Tsinas, A.; Bonos, E.; Fthenakis, G.C.; Skoufos, I.; Tzora, A. Antimicrobial and Methicillin Resistance Pattern of Potential Mastitis-Inducing Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolates from the Mammary Secretion of Dairy Goats. Biology 2022, 11, 1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11111591
Nelli A, Voidarou C, Venardou B, Fotou K, Tsinas A, Bonos E, Fthenakis GC, Skoufos I, Tzora A. Antimicrobial and Methicillin Resistance Pattern of Potential Mastitis-Inducing Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolates from the Mammary Secretion of Dairy Goats. Biology. 2022; 11(11):1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11111591
Chicago/Turabian StyleNelli, Aikaterini, Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou, Brigkita Venardou, Konstantina Fotou, Anastasios Tsinas, Eleftherios Bonos, George C. Fthenakis, Ioannis Skoufos, and Athina Tzora. 2022. "Antimicrobial and Methicillin Resistance Pattern of Potential Mastitis-Inducing Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolates from the Mammary Secretion of Dairy Goats" Biology 11, no. 11: 1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11111591