Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Development of the Study and Study Population
2.2. Definitions and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characterization of the Study Population
3.2. Urological Infections and Kidney Function
3.3. Association of BKPyV Viruria with Immunological Factors
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Correction Statement
References
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Sex | Female 13 (39.4%) | - | - |
Male 20 (60.6%) | |||
Age | - | 60.5 (11.1) | - |
Underlying hematological disease | AML 12 (36.4%) | - | - |
NHL 11 (33.3%) | |||
MPS 4 (12.1%) | |||
ALL 2 (6.1%) | |||
MDS 2 (6.1%) | |||
MM 2 (6.1%) | |||
Survival in years following transplantation | - | - | 9.00 (8.5–13.0) |
Donor | Related 9 (27.3%) | - | - |
Matched-unrelated 15 (45.5%) | |||
Mismatched-unrelated 9 (27.3%) | |||
Number of mismatches | - | - | 0 (0.0–0.5) |
Donor chimerism > 95% | 33 (100.0%) | - | - |
BMI | - | 28.4 (4.9) | - |
ECOG Performance Status | 0-> 21 (63.6%) | - | - |
1-> 10 (30.3%) | |||
2-> 2 (6.1%) | |||
Preexisting chronic kidney failure | KDIGO II 1 (3.0%) | - | - |
KDIGO III 1 (3.0%) | |||
Preexisting urological disease | Urolithiasis 7 (21.2%) | - | - |
Voiding dysfunction 5 (15.2%) | |||
Phimosis 1 (3.0%) | |||
Varicocele 1 (3.0%) | |||
NMBC 1 (3.0%) | |||
VUR 1 (3.0%) | |||
BPH 1 (3.0%) |
Parameter | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Association with BKPyV Viruria p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
BKPyV viruria | 5 (15.2%) | Mean copies/mL 218.3 (674.2) | - | - |
Preexisting chronic kidney failure | 2 (6.1%) | - | - | p = 0.019 |
Creatine > 100 µmoL/L | 6 (18.2%) | - | - | p < 0.0001 |
Cystatin C > 1.11 mg/L | 10 (30.3%) | - | - | p = 0.021 |
Microhematuria | 0 (0.0%) | - | - | - |
Leukocyturia | 9 (27.3%) | - | - | p = 0.597 |
Significant positive bacterial urine culture (105 CFU) | 3 (9.1%) All E. coli | - | - | p = 0.400 |
Preexisting urolithiasis | 7 (21.2%) | - | - | p = 0.282 |
Preexisting voiding dysfunction | 5 (15.2%) | - | - | p = 0.569 |
Parameter | N (%) | Mean (SD) of Whole Population | Median (IQR) of Whole Population | Association with BKPyV Viruria p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Leukopenia (<4.3 Gpt/L) | 5 (15.2%) | 6.0 (1.6) | - | p = 1.000 |
Lymphopenia (<1.0 Gpt/L) | 3 (9.1%) | 2.1 (0.9) | - | p = 0.400 |
CRP > 5.0 mg/dL | 8 (24.2%) | 2.5 (3.7) | - | p = 0.302 |
Shortage of Immunoglobulin G (<7.0 g/L) | 4 (12.1) | 2.2 (4.3) | - | p = 0.500 |
Shortage of Immunoglobulin A (<0.7 g/L) | 2 (6.1%) | - | 2.2 (1.8–2.8) | p = 1.000 |
Shortage of Immunoglobulin M (<0.4 g/L) | 2 (6.1%) | 1.0 (0.6) | - | p = 1.000 |
More than 4 infections/year | 2 (6.1%) | - | - | p = 1.000 |
CMV reactivation post-transplant | 4 (12.1%) | - | - | p = 0.571 |
EBV/PTLD post-transplant | 0 (0.0%) | - | - | - |
Toxoplasmosis post-transplant | 1 (3.0%) | - | - | p = 1.000 |
Acute GvHD post-transplant | 14 (42.4%) | - | - | p = 0.628 |
Chronic GvHD post-transplant | 6 (18.2%) | - | - | p = 0.216 |
Still existing chronic GvHD | 6 (18.2%) | - | - | p = 0.216 |
Mismatched Donor | 8 (24.2%) | - | - | p = 0.574 |
Parameter | Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Reference | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | /µL | % | /µL | % | /µL | % | /µL | % | /µL | /µL | |
T cells | 62.96 | 1146 | 44.88+ | 1176 | 77.47 | 1193 | 53.60− | 525− | 71.42 | 1321 | 690–2450 |
Ga/de T cells (indirect) | 1.87 | 34 | 8.13+ | 213+ | 4.11 | 63 | 6.69+ | 66 | 4.60 | 85 | <5% |
T4 cells | 26.47− | 482 | 20.47− | 536 | 31.05− | 478 | 26.14− | 256− | 21.08− | 390− | 410–1590 |
T8 cells | 35.16 | 640 | 16.80− | 440 | 42.97+ | 662 | 21.13 | 207 | 46.79− | 866 | 190–1140 |
NK cells | 23.70 | 431 | 16.44 | 431 | 9.93 | 153 | 18.47 | 181 | 12.02 | 222 | 90–590 |
B cells | 13.25 | 241 | 38.48+ | 1008+ | 12.20 | 188 | 27.51+ | 270 | 16.49 | 305 | 90–660 |
CD3+ HLA-DR+ | 9.42 | 171 | 8.06 | 211 | 12.59 | 194 | 4.39 | 43 | 13.06+ | 242+ | <230 |
CD3+ CD57+ | 10.88+ | 198 | 12.91+ | 338+ | 16.69+ | 257+ | 14.17+ | 139 | 31.83+ | 589+ | 2–10% |
T4/T8 ratio | 0.75 | - | 1.22 | - | 0.72 | - | 1.24 | - | 0.45− | - | 0.6–2.8 |
Monocytes | Normal CD13 cluster | Normal CD13 cluster | Normal CD13 cluster | Normal CD13 cluster | Normal CD13 cluster | - |
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Neumann, T.; Peters, N.; Kranz, J.; Dräger, D.L.; Heidel, F.H.; Krüger, W.; Schneidewind, L. Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biology 2021, 10, 553. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060553
Neumann T, Peters N, Kranz J, Dräger DL, Heidel FH, Krüger W, Schneidewind L. Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biology. 2021; 10(6):553. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060553
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeumann, Thomas, Nadette Peters, Jennifer Kranz, Desiree L. Dräger, Florian H. Heidel, William Krüger, and Laila Schneidewind. 2021. "Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation" Biology 10, no. 6: 553. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060553
APA StyleNeumann, T., Peters, N., Kranz, J., Dräger, D. L., Heidel, F. H., Krüger, W., & Schneidewind, L. (2021). Significance of BK Polyomavirus in Long-Term Survivors after Adult Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biology, 10(6), 553. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060553