Identifying Complex lncRNA/Pseudogene–miRNA–mRNA Crosstalk in Hormone-Dependent Cancers
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Patients and Samples
2.3. Differential Expression Analysis of Hormone-Dependent Cancer Data
2.4. Competing Endogenous RNA Network Analysis
2.5. Long Non-Coding RNA/Pseudogene–mRNA–microRNA Networks
2.6. Functional Enrichment Analysis
2.7. Survival Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Differential Expression Analysis Results
3.2. Shared Competing Endogenous RNA Networks across Hormone-Dependent Cancers
3.3. Functional Enrichment Analysis
3.4. Survival Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cancer | lncRNA | Pseudogene | mRNA | miRNA | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | Up | Down | |
BRCA | 61 | 106 | 17 | 28 | 1125 | 1642 | 71 | 87 |
COAD | 137 | 72 | 44 | 31 | 1200 | 1778 | 186 | 153 |
PRAD | 139 | 49 | 28 | 18 | 434 | 1079 | 34 | 27 |
READ | 181 | 53 | 52 | 18 | 1169 | 1790 | 165 | 114 |
UCEC | 116 | 137 | 43 | 43 | 1584 | 2000 | 142 | 103 |
lncRNA/Pseudogene | mRNA | List of MicroRNAs Associated with Each lncRNA/Pseudogene–mRNA Pair |
---|---|---|
MBNL1-AS1 (lncRNA) | DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B4 (DNAJB4) | hsa-miR-15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p |
MAGI2-AS3* (lncRNA) | DNAJB4 * | hsa-miR-148a-3p, 152-3p, 148b-3p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 194-5p, 204-5p, 211-5p |
Fibroblast growth factor-2 * (FGF-2 *) | hsa-miR-15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 129-5p, 499a-5p | |
Myosin light-chain kinase * (MYLK *) | hsa-miR-302a-3p, 302b-3p, 302c-3p, 302d-3p, 372-3p, 373-3p, 520e, 520a-3p, 520b, 520c-3p, 520d-3p, 302e, 200b-3p, 200c-3p, 429 | |
Junctophilin-2 (JPH2) | hsa-miR-25-3p, 32-5p, 92a-3p, 363-3p, 367-3p, 92b-3p | |
Cofilin-2 * (CFL2 *) | hsa-miR-212-3p, 132-3p, 302a-3p, 302b-3p, 302c-3p, 302d-3p, 372-3p, 373-3p, 520e, 520a-3p, 520b, 520c-3p, 520d-3p, 302e, 137, 141-3p, 200a-3p, 142-3p, 144-3p, 148a-3p, 152-3p, 148b-3p, 153-3p, 194-5p, 200b-3p, 200c-3p, 429, 23a-3p, 23b-3p, 25-3p, 32-5p, 92a-3p, 363-3p, 367-3p, 92b-3p, 425-5p | |
Phospholipid scramblase 4 * (PLSCR4 *) | hsa-miR-302a-3p, 302b-3p, 302c-3p, 302d-3p, 372-3p, 373-3p, 520e, 520a-3p, 520b, 520c-3p, 520d-3p, 302e, 145-5p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p | |
Endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) | hsa-miR-302a-3p, 302b-3p, 302c-3p, 302d-3p, 372-3p, 373-3p, 520e, 520a-3p, 520b, 520c-3p, 520d-3p, 302e | |
Tensin 1 * (TNS1 *) | hsa-miR-302a-3p, 302b-3p, 302c-3p, 302d-3p, 372-3p, 373-3p, 520e, 520a-3p, 520b, 520c-3p, 520d-3p, 302e, 181a-5p, 181b-5p, 181c-5p, 181d-5p, 4262, 31-5p | |
MIR100HG* (lncRNA) | FERM-domain-containing kindlin-2 * (FERMT2 *) | hsa-miR-130a-3p, 301a-3p, 130b-3p, 454-3p, 301b-3p, 4295, 3666, 135a-5p, 135b-5p, 138-5p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 29a-3p, 29b-3p, 29c-3p, 103a-3p, 107 |
DIX-domain-containing 1 * (DIXDC1 *) | hsa-miR-96-5p, 1271-5p, 143-3p, 145-5p, 155-5p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 200b-3p, 200c-3p, 429, 29a-3p, 29b-3p, 29c-3p | |
R-spondin 3 (RSPO3) | hsa-miR-15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 103a-3p, 107 | |
DNAJB4 | hsa-miR-148a-3p, 152-3p, 148b-3p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 204-5p, 211-5p, 103a-3p, 107 | |
FGF2 | hsa-miR-15a-5p, 16-5p, 15b-5p, 195-5p, 424-5p, 497-5p, 103a-3p, 107, 129-5p | |
Sushi repeat-containing protein X-linked * (SRPX *) | hsa-miR-130a-3p, 301a-3p, 130b-3p, 454-3p, 301b-3p, 19a-3p, 19b-3p | |
JPH2 | hsa-miR-25-3p, 32-5p, 92a-3p, 363-3p, 367-3p, 92b-3p | |
MEIS3P1 (pseudogene) | TNS1 | hsa-miR-138-5p, 138-1-5p, 145-5p, 204-5p, 204-3p, 211-5p, 219a-5p, 508-5p, 508-3p, 4782-3p, 23a-5p, 23b-5p, 34a-5p, 34b-5p, 449a, 449c-5p |
KN motif and ankyrin repeat domains 2 (KANK2) | hsa-miR-138-5p, 138-1-5p, 145-5p, 204-5p, 204-3p, 211-5p, 219a-5p, 508-5p, 508-3p, 4782-3p, 34a-5p, 34b-5p, 449a, 449c-5p | |
TUBAP5 (pseudogene) | MYB proto-oncogene-like 2 (MYBL2) | hsa-miR-130a-3p, 301a-5p, 301b-5p, 301b-3p, 454-5p, 721, 4295, 3666, 7-5p, 7-1-3p, 148a-3p, 152-5p, 15a-5p, 16-5p, 16-1-3p, 195-5p, 322, 424-5p, 497-3p, 1907, 214-5p, 761, 3619-5p, 22-5p, 22-3p, 122-5p, 122-3p, 1352, 24-3p, 24-1-5p, 24-2-5p, 29a-3p, 103a-3p, 107, 107ab, 124-5p, 124-3p, 506-5p, 338-5p, 338-3p |
Cancer | miRNA (High/Low Expression Levels Associated with Survival) | Hazard Ratio | p-Value | Cancer | miRNA (High/Low Expression Levels Associated with Survival) | Hazard Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BRCA | hsa-miR-16-5p (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.672 | 0.0136 | UCEC | hsa-miR-142-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5634 | 0.0078 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-181c-5p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.6578 | 0.0114 | UCEC | hsa-miR-148a-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.55 | 0.0055 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-195-5p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.6859 | 0.0212 | UCEC | hsa-miR-152-3p (low) 1,2,3,4,5 | 1.6863 | 0.0156 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-200c-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.7097 | 0.04 | UCEC | hsa-miR-212-3p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.7536 | 0.0096 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-204-5p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.6294 | 0.0052 | UCEC | hsa-miR-25-3p (low) 2,3,4,5 | 1.5573 | 0.0365 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-29a-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.7168 | 0.0429 | UCEC | hsa-miR-301a-3p (low) 2,3,4,5 | 1.8982 | 0.0032 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-29c-3p (high) 1,3,4,5 | 0.6313 | 0.0061 | UCEC | hsa-miR-301b-3p (low) 1,2,5 | 1.6064 | 0.0277 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-301b-3p (low) 1,2,5 | 1.3884 | 0.0478 | UCEC | hsa-miR-302a-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5663 | 0.0071 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-31-5p (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.5542 | 0.0003 | UCEC | hsa-miR-302b-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5608 | 0.0061 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-363-3p (high) 2,3,4,5 | 0.6961 | 0.0279 | UCEC | hsa-miR-302c-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5498 | 0.0049 |
BRCA | hsa-miR-372-3p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.409 | 0.0392 | UCEC | hsa-miR-302d-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5531 | 0.0053 |
COAD | hsa-miR-1271-5p (low) 1,2,3,4,5 | 1.6083 | 0.0166 | UCEC | hsa-miR-302e (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.4897 | 0.0008 |
COAD | hsa-miR-130a-3p (low) 1,2,3,4,5 | 1.8346 | 0.0021 | UCEC | hsa-miR-367-3p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.5204 | 0.0021 |
COAD | hsa-miR-145-5p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.5823 | 0.0214 | UCEC | hsa-miR-425-5p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.6045 | 0.0301 |
COAD | hsa-miR-181b-5p (low) 1,2,5 | 1.5294 | 0.0326 | UCEC | hsa-miR-4262 (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.4897 | 0.0008 |
COAD | hsa-miR-32-5p (low) 1,2,3,4,5 | 1.5932 | 0.0213 | UCEC | hsa-miR-497-5p (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.5285 | 0.0037 |
COAD | hsa-miR-497-5p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.5895 | 0.0206 | UCEC | hsa-miR-520b (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.5896 | 0.0129 |
COAD | hsa-miR-96-5p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 1.4888 | 0.0474 | UCEC | hsa-miR-520c-3p (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.5791 | 0.0099 |
PRAD | hsa-miR-19a-3p (low) 1,2,3,4 | 6.9585 | 0.026 | UCEC | hsa-miR-520d-3p (high) 2,3,4 | 0.5043 | 0.0012 |
PRAD | hsa-miR-29b-3p (high) 1,2,3,4 | 0.2343 | 0.0434 | UCEC | hsa-miR-520e (high) 2,3,4 | 0.626 | 0.0273 |
READ | hsa-miR-155-5p (high) 1,2,3,4,5 | 0.4544 | 0.0426 |
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Jayarathna, D.K.; Rentería, M.E.; Sauret, E.; Batra, J.; Gandhi, N.S. Identifying Complex lncRNA/Pseudogene–miRNA–mRNA Crosstalk in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Biology 2021, 10, 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101014
Jayarathna DK, Rentería ME, Sauret E, Batra J, Gandhi NS. Identifying Complex lncRNA/Pseudogene–miRNA–mRNA Crosstalk in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Biology. 2021; 10(10):1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101014
Chicago/Turabian StyleJayarathna, Dulari K., Miguel E. Rentería, Emilie Sauret, Jyotsna Batra, and Neha S. Gandhi. 2021. "Identifying Complex lncRNA/Pseudogene–miRNA–mRNA Crosstalk in Hormone-Dependent Cancers" Biology 10, no. 10: 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10101014