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Volume 12
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10.3390/coatings12010088
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Article

Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring

by
Eka Safitri
1,*,
Zatul Omaira
1,
Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
1,
Irfan Mustafa
1,
Sitti Saleha
1,
Rinaldi Idroes
1,2,
Binawati Ginting
1,
Muhammad Iqhrammullah
3,
Sagir Alva
4 and
Maria Paristiowati
5
1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
4
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, West Jakarta 11650, Indonesia
5
Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Coatings 2022, 12(1), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010088
Submission received: 14 December 2021 / Revised: 31 December 2021 / Accepted: 7 January 2022 / Published: 13 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensing Materials and Coatings)
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Abstract

Considering the significance of its demand around the world, the accurate determination of fish freshness with a simple and rapid procedure has become an interesting issue for the fishing industry. Hence, we aimed to fabricate a new optical pH sensor based on a polyelectrolyte (PEC) membrane of pectin–chitosan and the active material chromoionophore ETH 5294. A trial-and-error investigation of the polymer compositions revealed that the optimum ratio of pectin to chitosan was 3:7. With an optimum wavelength region (λ) at 610 nm, the constructed sensor was capable of stable responses after 5 min exposure to phosphate-buffered solution. Furthermore, the obtained sensor achieved optimum sensitivity when the PBS concentration was 0.1 M, while the relative standard deviation values ranged from 2.07 to 2.34%, suggesting good reproducibility. Further investigation revealed that the sensor experienced decreased absorbance of 16.67–18.68% after 25 days of storage. Employing the optimum conditions stated previously, the sensor was tested to monitor fish freshness in samples that were stored at 4 °C and ambient temperature. The results suggested that the newly fabricated optical sensor could measure pH changes on fish skin after 25 h storage at room temperature (pH 6.37, 8.91 and 11.02, respectively) and 4 °C (pH 6.8, 7.31 and 7.92, respectively).
Keywords: chromoionophore ETH 5294; optical pH sensor; PEC membrane; pectin; UV-Vis spectroscopy chromoionophore ETH 5294; optical pH sensor; PEC membrane; pectin; UV-Vis spectroscopy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Safitri, E.; Omaira, Z.; Nazaruddin, N.; Mustafa, I.; Saleha, S.; Idroes, R.; Ginting, B.; Iqhrammullah, M.; Alva, S.; Paristiowati, M. Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring. Coatings 2022, 12, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010088

AMA Style

Safitri E, Omaira Z, Nazaruddin N, Mustafa I, Saleha S, Idroes R, Ginting B, Iqhrammullah M, Alva S, Paristiowati M. Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring. Coatings. 2022; 12(1):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010088

Chicago/Turabian Style

Safitri, Eka, Zatul Omaira, Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Irfan Mustafa, Sitti Saleha, Rinaldi Idroes, Binawati Ginting, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Sagir Alva, and Maria Paristiowati. 2022. "Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring" Coatings 12, no. 1: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010088

APA Style

Safitri, E., Omaira, Z., Nazaruddin, N., Mustafa, I., Saleha, S., Idroes, R., Ginting, B., Iqhrammullah, M., Alva, S., & Paristiowati, M. (2022). Fabrication of an Immobilized Polyelectrolite Complex (PEC) Membrane from Pectin-Chitosan and Chromoionophore ETH 5294 for pH-Based Fish Freshness Monitoring. Coatings, 12(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010088

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