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Review

Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Experiences

1
Dipartimento Scienze Radiologiche Radioterapiche ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
2
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2020, 9(2), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9020058
Received: 9 January 2020 / Revised: 23 January 2020 / Accepted: 24 January 2020 / Published: 3 February 2020
Patients suffering from hematological malignancies are at high risk for severe infections, including in particular bloodstream infections, which represent one of the most frequent life-threatening complications for these patients, with reported mortality rates reaching 40%. Furthermore, a worrisome increase in antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., cephalosporin- and/or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa) involved in severe infectious complications among patients with hematological malignancies has been reported during the last years. The two novel combination of cephalosporins and β-lactamase inhibitors, ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam, were recently approved for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections and nosocomial pneumonia and display activity against several MDR Gram-negative strains. Although not specifically approved for neutropenic and/or cancer patients, these drugs are used in this setting due to increasing rates of infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this review is to describe the actual evidence from scientific literature about the “real-life” use of these two novel drugs in patients with hematological malignancies and infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria. View Full-Text
Keywords: Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria; Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ceftolozane/tazobactam; ceftazidime/avibactam; bloodstream infections; hematological malignancies Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria; Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ceftolozane/tazobactam; ceftazidime/avibactam; bloodstream infections; hematological malignancies
MDPI and ACS Style

Criscuolo, M.; Trecarichi, E.M. Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Experiences. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9020058

AMA Style

Criscuolo M, Trecarichi EM. Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Experiences. Antibiotics. 2020; 9(2):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9020058

Chicago/Turabian Style

Criscuolo, Marianna, and Enrico M. Trecarichi. 2020. "Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Experiences" Antibiotics 9, no. 2: 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9020058

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