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Volume 14
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Correction to Antibiotics 2022, 11(4), 465.
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Correction

Correction: Hegazy et al. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465

by
Wael A. H. Hegazy
1,*,
Ibrahim M. Salem
2,
Hadil Faris Alotaibi
3,
El-Sayed Khafagy
4,5 and
Doaa Ibrahim
6
1
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
2
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
6
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2025, 14(6), 529; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060529
Submission received: 23 April 2025 / Accepted: 13 May 2025 / Published: 22 May 2025
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Error in Figure

In the original publication, there was a mistake in Figure 2C as published [1]: a light microscope image of biofilm formation was inserted incorrectly. The corrected Figure 2C appears below.
In the original publication, there was a mistake in Figure 4A as published [1]: the second panel in Figure 4A was incorrectly labeled as “norepinephrine-treated bacteria”, when it in fact corresponds to “untreated bacteria”. The corrected Figure 4A appears below.
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

  1. Hegazy, W.A.H.; Salem, I.M.; Alotaibi, H.F.; Khafagy, E.-S.; Ibrahim, D. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Figure 2. Terazosin diminishes S. Typhimurium (A) adhesion and (B) biofilm formation. Terazosin significantly decreased the bacterial adhesion and biofilm production in comparison to untreated bacteria or norepinephrine-treated bacteria. However, norepinephrine significantly increased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. (C) Light microscope images of the formed biofilms in the presence of norepinephrine or terazosin. Norepinephrine markedly increased the formed biofilm and terazosin markedly diminished biofilm formation. The experiment was repeated in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± the SD. A one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc test, was employed to attest the statistical significance; p < 0.05 was considered significant. *** = p < 0.0001; ** = p < 0.001; * = p < 0.05. Scale bars correspond to 100 μm.
Figure 2. Terazosin diminishes S. Typhimurium (A) adhesion and (B) biofilm formation. Terazosin significantly decreased the bacterial adhesion and biofilm production in comparison to untreated bacteria or norepinephrine-treated bacteria. However, norepinephrine significantly increased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. (C) Light microscope images of the formed biofilms in the presence of norepinephrine or terazosin. Norepinephrine markedly increased the formed biofilm and terazosin markedly diminished biofilm formation. The experiment was repeated in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± the SD. A one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc test, was employed to attest the statistical significance; p < 0.05 was considered significant. *** = p < 0.0001; ** = p < 0.001; * = p < 0.05. Scale bars correspond to 100 μm.
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Figure 4. Terazosin diminishes S. Typhimurium intracellular replication in raw macrophage cells. (A) Microscopic images of S. Typhimurium in macrophages. Norepinephrine markedly increased the number of intracellularly replicating bacterial cells and terazosin at the sub-MIC diminished the bacterial intracellular replication in comparison to untreated S. Typhimurium. (B) The infected macrophages were lysed, and the phagocytosed cell/relative untaken cell percentage and x-fold intracellular replication were calculated. The experiment was repeated in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± the SD. A one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc test, was employed to attest the statistical significance; p < 0.05 was considered significant. *** = p < 0.0001; ** = p < 0.001; * = p < 0.05. Scale bars correspond to 100 μm.
Figure 4. Terazosin diminishes S. Typhimurium intracellular replication in raw macrophage cells. (A) Microscopic images of S. Typhimurium in macrophages. Norepinephrine markedly increased the number of intracellularly replicating bacterial cells and terazosin at the sub-MIC diminished the bacterial intracellular replication in comparison to untreated S. Typhimurium. (B) The infected macrophages were lysed, and the phagocytosed cell/relative untaken cell percentage and x-fold intracellular replication were calculated. The experiment was repeated in triplicate, and the data are presented as the mean ± the SD. A one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc test, was employed to attest the statistical significance; p < 0.05 was considered significant. *** = p < 0.0001; ** = p < 0.001; * = p < 0.05. Scale bars correspond to 100 μm.
Antibiotics 14 00529 g004
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MDPI and ACS Style

Hegazy, W.A.H.; Salem, I.M.; Alotaibi, H.F.; Khafagy, E.-S.; Ibrahim, D. Correction: Hegazy et al. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465. Antibiotics 2025, 14, 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060529

AMA Style

Hegazy WAH, Salem IM, Alotaibi HF, Khafagy E-S, Ibrahim D. Correction: Hegazy et al. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465. Antibiotics. 2025; 14(6):529. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060529

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hegazy, Wael A. H., Ibrahim M. Salem, Hadil Faris Alotaibi, El-Sayed Khafagy, and Doaa Ibrahim. 2025. "Correction: Hegazy et al. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465" Antibiotics 14, no. 6: 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060529

APA Style

Hegazy, W. A. H., Salem, I. M., Alotaibi, H. F., Khafagy, E.-S., & Ibrahim, D. (2025). Correction: Hegazy et al. Terazosin Interferes with Quorum Sensing and Type Three Secretion System and Diminishes the Bacterial Espionage to Mitigate the Salmonella Typhimurium Pathogenesis. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 465. Antibiotics, 14(6), 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060529

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