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Volume 10
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10.3390/antibiotics10080984
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Article

Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative Clostridioides difficile and Spore Outgrowth

by
Suvash Chandra Ojha
1,2,
Matthew Phanchana
3,
Phurt Harnvoravongchai
4,
Surang Chankhamhaengdecha
4,
Sombat Singhakaew
4,
Puey Ounjai
4 and
Tavan Janvilisri
5,*
1
Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
2
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
3
Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
5
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2021, 10(8), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080984
Submission received: 13 July 2021 / Revised: 6 August 2021 / Accepted: 10 August 2021 / Published: 15 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clostridioides difficile Infection)
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Abstract

In recent decades, the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has remained high in both community and health-care settings. With the increasing rate of treatment failures and its ability to form spores, an alternative treatment for CDI has become a global priority. We used the microdilution assay to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and teicoplanin against 30 distinct C. difficile strains isolated from various host origins. We also examined the effect of drugs on spore germination and outgrowth by following the development of OD600. Finally, we confirmed the spore germination and cell stages by microscopy. We showed that teicoplanin exhibited lower MICs compared to vancomycin in all tested isolates. MICs of teicoplanin ranged from 0.03–0.25 µg/mL, while vancomycin ranged from 0.5–4 µg/mL. Exposure of C. difficile spores to broth supplemented with various concentrations of antimicrobial agents did not affect the initiation of germination, but the outgrowth to vegetative cells was inhibited by all test compounds. This finding was concordant with aberrant vegetative cells after antibiotic treatment observed by light microscopy. This work highlights the efficiency of teicoplanin for treatment of C. difficile through prevention of vegetative cell outgrowth.
Keywords: teicoplanin; Clostridioides difficile; spore; antibiotics teicoplanin; Clostridioides difficile; spore; antibiotics

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ojha, S.C.; Phanchana, M.; Harnvoravongchai, P.; Chankhamhaengdecha, S.; Singhakaew, S.; Ounjai, P.; Janvilisri, T. Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative Clostridioides difficile and Spore Outgrowth. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080984

AMA Style

Ojha SC, Phanchana M, Harnvoravongchai P, Chankhamhaengdecha S, Singhakaew S, Ounjai P, Janvilisri T. Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative Clostridioides difficile and Spore Outgrowth. Antibiotics. 2021; 10(8):984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080984

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ojha, Suvash Chandra, Matthew Phanchana, Phurt Harnvoravongchai, Surang Chankhamhaengdecha, Sombat Singhakaew, Puey Ounjai, and Tavan Janvilisri. 2021. "Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative Clostridioides difficile and Spore Outgrowth" Antibiotics 10, no. 8: 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080984

APA Style

Ojha, S. C., Phanchana, M., Harnvoravongchai, P., Chankhamhaengdecha, S., Singhakaew, S., Ounjai, P., & Janvilisri, T. (2021). Teicoplanin Suppresses Vegetative Clostridioides difficile and Spore Outgrowth. Antibiotics, 10(8), 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080984

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