Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Red Sea Sponge Phyllospongia lamellosa Supported by Metabolomics Analysis and Docking Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Collection of Marine Sponge
2.2. Preparation of Extracts
2.3. Metabolomic Analysis
2.4. Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles
2.5. Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles
2.5.1. UV Spectroscopy
2.5.2. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Studies
2.5.3. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
2.5.4. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Analysis
2.5.5. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
2.6. Determination of the Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles
2.6.1. Antiproliferative Assay
2.6.2. COX Inhibitory Assay
2.6.3. In Silico Biological Activity Predictions
2.6.4. Determination of the Potential Protein Targets of the Annotated Compounds
2.6.5. Molecular Docking Experiments
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemical Profiling of P. lamellosa-Derived Extracts
3.2. Biosynthesis of AgNPs Using Phyllospongia lamellosa Extracts
3.3. Electron Microscopy
3.4. X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD)
3.5. Fourier-Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR)
3.6. Target Prediction and Docking Analysis
3.7. In Vitro Biological Activity of SNPs
In Vitro Anticancer Activity
3.8. In Vitro COX Inhibitory Activity
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Al-Khalaf, A.A.; Hassan, H.M.; Alrajhi, A.M.; Mohamed, R.A.E.H.; Hozzein, W.N. Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Red Sea Sponge Phyllospongia lamellosa Supported by Metabolomics Analysis and Docking Study. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101155
Al-Khalaf AA, Hassan HM, Alrajhi AM, Mohamed RAEH, Hozzein WN. Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Red Sea Sponge Phyllospongia lamellosa Supported by Metabolomics Analysis and Docking Study. Antibiotics. 2021; 10(10):1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101155
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl-Khalaf, Areej A., Hossam M. Hassan, Aisha M Alrajhi, Rania Ali El Hadi Mohamed, and Wael N. Hozzein. 2021. "Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of the Red Sea Sponge Phyllospongia lamellosa Supported by Metabolomics Analysis and Docking Study" Antibiotics 10, no. 10: 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10101155