Influence of Solvent Evaporation Technique Parameters on Diameter of Submicron Lamivudine-Poly-ε-Caprolactone Conjugate Particles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Size-Dependent Carrier Internalization
1.2. Particles Uptake by Macrophages
1.3. Solvent Evaporation Technique
1.4. Evaluation of Lamivudine Conjugate-Based Particles
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Conjugate Synthesis
2.3. Conjugate Degradation
2.4. Particle Preparation
2.5. Power Consumption Measurement
2.6. Spectroscopic Analysis
2.7. Gel permation Chromatography
2.8. High Performance Liquid Chromatography
2.9. Particle Size and Zeta Potential Evaluation
3. Results
3.1. Conjugate Synthesis
3.2. Drug Content
3.3. Particle Preparation
4. Discussion
4.1. Conjugate Synthesis
4.2. Drug Content
4.3. Particle Formation and Morphology
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Batch | Homogenization Rate (rpm) | Homogenization Time (min) | Surfactant Concentration (w/w%) | o/w Phase Ratio | Surfactant Type | Polymer Concentration (w/v%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ST1 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PGHE | 0.17 |
ST2 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | Polysorbate 80 | 0.17 |
ST3 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC1 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC2 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.2 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC3 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC4 | 25,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC5 | 25 000 | 5 | 1.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
SC6 | 25,000 | 5 | 2 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS1 | 10,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS2 | 15,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS3 | 20,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS4 | 25,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS5 | 30,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HS6 | 35,000 | 5 | 1 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT1 | 25,000 | 1 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT2 | 25,000 | 3 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT3 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT4 | 25,000 | 7 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT5 | 25,000 | 9 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
HT6 | 25,000 | 11 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR1 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:2 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR2 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:4 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR3 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:6 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR4 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR5 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:20 | PVA | 0.17 |
PR6 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:40 | PVA | 0.17 |
CM1 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.02 |
CM2 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.03 |
CM3 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.10 |
CM4 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.17 |
CM5 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.23 |
CM6 | 25,000 | 5 | 0.5 | 1:10 | PVA | 0.33 |
Batch | Hydrodynamic Diameter ± RSD (nm) | PDI ± RSD | Zeta Potential ± RSD (mV) |
---|---|---|---|
ST1 | 605 ± 14.05% | 0.84 ± 23.03% | −6.89 ± 2.51% |
ST2 | 454 ± 2.65% | 0.46 ± 2.22% | −17.77 ± 15.52% |
ST3 | 332 ± 1.63% | 0.29 ± 8.74% | −8.57 ± 4.00% |
SC1 | 785 ± 2.22% | 0.26 ± 9.84% | −15.2 ± 1.14% |
SC2 | 666 ± 1.11% | 0.3 ± 3.61% | −8.43 ± 1.96% |
SC3 | 490 ± 3.17% | 0.35 ± 7.83% | −6.23 ± 4.36% |
SC4 | 282 ± 1.04% | 0.36 ± 4.33% | −2.26 ± 7.12% |
SC5 | 272 ± 1.59% | 0.21 ± 16.04% | −1.02 ± 10.01% |
SC6 | 300 ± 1.33% | 0.22 ± 1.39% | −0.85 ± 9.88% |
HS1 | 2344 ± 1.41% | 0.33 ± 9.24% | - |
HS2 | 1041 ± 3.92% | 0.38 ± 9.49% | - |
HS3 | 725 ± 4.31% | 0.29 ± 35.96% | - |
HS4 | 552 ± 2.18% | 0.28 ± 2.78% | - |
HS5 | 505 ± 1.94% | 0.22 ± 19.21% | - |
HS6 | 412 ± 4.04% | 0.32 ± 12.31% | - |
HT1 | 639 ± 0.54% | 0.34 ± 2.08% | - |
HT2 | 422 ± 1.43% | 0.46 ± 1.95% | - |
HT3 | 377 ± 2.22% | 0.34 ± 16.01% | - |
HT4 | 310 ± 2.16% | 0.26 ± 4.89% | - |
HT5 | 226 ± 1.58% | 0.24 ± 1.86% | - |
HT6 | 235 ± 1.86% | 0.19 ± 4.38% | - |
PR1 | 354 ± 2% | 0.24 ± 7.27% | - |
PR2 | 361 ± 1.54% | 0.27 ± 4.26% | - |
PR3 | 308 ± 0.74% | 0.25 ± 3.8% | - |
PR4 | 351 ± 2.49% | 0.42 ± 6.02% | - |
PR5 | 537 ± 1.58% | 0.58 ± 3.1% | - |
PR6 | 351 ± 0.36% | 0.54 ± 8.66% | - |
PM1 | 257 ± 1.89% | 0.35 ± 12.08% | - |
PM2 | 294 ± 0.86% | 0.29 ± 1.09% | - |
PM3 | 296 ± 0.26% | 0.27 ± 3.49% | - |
PM4 | 307 ± 0.61% | 0.27 ± 3.01% | - |
PM5 | 322 ± 2.35% | 0.36 ± 18.08% | - |
PM6 | 293 ± 1.36% | 0.27 ± 13.94% | - |
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Urbaniak, T.; Musiał, W. Influence of Solvent Evaporation Technique Parameters on Diameter of Submicron Lamivudine-Poly-ε-Caprolactone Conjugate Particles. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091240
Urbaniak T, Musiał W. Influence of Solvent Evaporation Technique Parameters on Diameter of Submicron Lamivudine-Poly-ε-Caprolactone Conjugate Particles. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9(9):1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091240
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrbaniak, Tomasz, and Witold Musiał. 2019. "Influence of Solvent Evaporation Technique Parameters on Diameter of Submicron Lamivudine-Poly-ε-Caprolactone Conjugate Particles" Nanomaterials 9, no. 9: 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091240