Properties of Cement Mortar and Ultra-High Strength Concrete Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanosheets
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Specimens
2.3. Test Methods
2.3.1. Characterization of GONSs
2.3.2. Fluidity Measurements
2.3.3. Flexural and Compressive Strength Tests
2.3.4. Morphology Observation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets
3.2. Fluidity
3.3. Mechanical Properties
3.4. Micrograph
4. Conclusions
- The fluidity of cement mortar and ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) decreased with the increasing addition of graphene oxide nanosheets (GONSs).
- Adding GONSs improved the flexural and compressive strengths of cement mortar and UHSC, with the increase in flexural strength more than that of compressive strength. Particularly, the compressive strength of UHSC incorporating 0.01% by weight of cement GONSs after curing for 28 days increased by 7.82% than that of UHSC without GONSs (117.34 MPa). Moreover, GONS additives significantly increased the deformation ability of UHSC.
- FE-SEM observations showed that GONSs were well dispersed in the cement matrix and the bonding of GONSs with the surrounding matrix was strong.
- The microstructural studies indicated that GONSs might have an effect on the shape of the cement hydration products. However, the growth space for hydrates also had an important effect on the morphology of hydrates. Therefore, further study is needed to collect more meaningful statistics about the effect of GONSs on cement hydration mechanisms.
- Research concerning about the crack resistance mechanism of GONSs on cement composites is still very inadequate, which also calls for further study in the future.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Chemical Composition (wt %) | Physical Properties | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | LOI | SG | SSA (m2/kg) | |
C | 20.13 | 4.53 | 4.11 | 63.88 | 1.35 | 2.28 | 2.82 | 3.10 | 331 |
SF | 93.85 | 0.69 | 0.17 | 0.75 | 1.22 | 0.41 | 1.88 | 2.20 | ~20,000 |
BS | 44.91 | 14.86 | – | 31.08 | 7.18 | 0.65 | 1.80 | 2.83 | 1228 |
NO. | w/cm | GONS (wt %) | Quantities (kg/m3) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | SF | BS | GONS | FA | CA | W | PCs | |||
UGO00 | 0.2 | 0.00 | 420 | 60 | 120 | 0.000 | 798 | 976 | 120 | 15 |
UGO01 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 420 | 60 | 120 | 0.042 | 798 | 976 | 120 | 15 |
UGO03 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 420 | 60 | 120 | 0.126 | 798 | 976 | 120 | 15 |
No. | Fluidity (mm) | Flexural Strength (MPa) | Compressive Strength (MPa) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slump | Slump Flow | 7 d | 7 d | 28 d | |
UGO00 | 240 | 450 | 8.92 (0.00) | 90.60 (0.00) | 117.34 (0.00) |
UGO01 | 235 | 420 | 9.98 (11.88) | 93.92 (3.66) | 126.52 (7.82) |
UGO03 | 220 | 380 | 9.54 (6.95) | 94.73 (4.55) | 122.73 (4.59) |
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Lu, L.; Ouyang, D. Properties of Cement Mortar and Ultra-High Strength Concrete Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. Nanomaterials 2017, 7, 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070187
Lu L, Ouyang D. Properties of Cement Mortar and Ultra-High Strength Concrete Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. Nanomaterials. 2017; 7(7):187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070187
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Liulei, and Dong Ouyang. 2017. "Properties of Cement Mortar and Ultra-High Strength Concrete Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanosheets" Nanomaterials 7, no. 7: 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7070187