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Nanomaterials
Volume 15
Issue 24
10.3390/nano15241853
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Article

Multimodal Magnetic Nanoparticle–Quantum Dot Composites

by
Kareem Ouhalla Knipschild
,
Vera Kuznetsova
*,
Aoife Kavanagh
,
Finn Huonder
,
Caroline O’Sullivan
,
Amy Clayton
,
Yaroslav Kryuchkov
,
Lorenzo Branzi
and
Yurii K. Gun’ko
*
School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(24), 1853; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241853 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 1 November 2025 / Revised: 6 December 2025 / Accepted: 8 December 2025 / Published: 10 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Biology and Medicines)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Multimodal nanocomposites that combine optical and magnetic functionalities are of great interest for applications such as imaging and temperature sensing. Ternary CuInS2 (CIS)-based quantum dots (QDs) offer low toxicity, strong near-infrared (NIR) emission, and high photostability, making them promising for optical nanothermometry and imaging. In this study, CIS QDs were synthesized using an aqueous cysteine-mediated approach. Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles were prepared as the magnetic component due to their non-toxicity and superparamagnetic properties. To integrate both functionalities, QDs and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were encapsulated in silica and then combined to form multimodal CIS/MnFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposites. The structure and morphology of the materials were characterized by TEM and XRD, while their optical properties were examined using UV–Vis, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. This design ensured optical isolation, preventing fluorescence quenching while maintaining colloidal stability. The obtained composites exhibited PL in the NIR region and a thermosensitivity of 2.04%/°C. TEM analysis confirmed uniform silica shell formation and successful integration of both components within the composite. The materials also retained the superparamagnetic behavior of MnFe2O4, making them suitable for combined optical and magnetic functionalities. These results demonstrate the potential of CIS/MnFe2O4/SiO2 nanocomposites as multifunctional platforms for optical imaging, temperature monitoring, and magnetically modulated effects.
Keywords: nanothermometry; ternary quantum dots; CuInS2; magnetic nanoparticles; MnFe2O4; silica encapsulation; multimodal nanocomposites nanothermometry; ternary quantum dots; CuInS2; magnetic nanoparticles; MnFe2O4; silica encapsulation; multimodal nanocomposites

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ouhalla Knipschild, K.; Kuznetsova, V.; Kavanagh, A.; Huonder, F.; O’Sullivan, C.; Clayton, A.; Kryuchkov, Y.; Branzi, L.; Gun’ko, Y.K. Multimodal Magnetic Nanoparticle–Quantum Dot Composites. Nanomaterials 2025, 15, 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241853

AMA Style

Ouhalla Knipschild K, Kuznetsova V, Kavanagh A, Huonder F, O’Sullivan C, Clayton A, Kryuchkov Y, Branzi L, Gun’ko YK. Multimodal Magnetic Nanoparticle–Quantum Dot Composites. Nanomaterials. 2025; 15(24):1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241853

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ouhalla Knipschild, Kareem, Vera Kuznetsova, Aoife Kavanagh, Finn Huonder, Caroline O’Sullivan, Amy Clayton, Yaroslav Kryuchkov, Lorenzo Branzi, and Yurii K. Gun’ko. 2025. "Multimodal Magnetic Nanoparticle–Quantum Dot Composites" Nanomaterials 15, no. 24: 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241853

APA Style

Ouhalla Knipschild, K., Kuznetsova, V., Kavanagh, A., Huonder, F., O’Sullivan, C., Clayton, A., Kryuchkov, Y., Branzi, L., & Gun’ko, Y. K. (2025). Multimodal Magnetic Nanoparticle–Quantum Dot Composites. Nanomaterials, 15(24), 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15241853

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