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Volume 12
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10.3390/nano12081377
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Review

Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation

by
Hyung-Joon Park
1,†,
Hyunsik Hong
2,†,
Ramar Thangam
2,3,
Min-Gyo Song
4,
Ju-Eun Kim
5,
Eun-Hae Jo
5,
Yun-Jeong Jang
6,
Won-Hyoung Choi
4,
Min-Young Lee
4,
Heemin Kang
1,2,* and
Kyu-Back Lee
1,4,5,*
1
Department of Interdisciplinary Biomicrosystem Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
2
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
3
Institute for High Technology Materials and Devices, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
4
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
5
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
6
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Armour College of Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(8), 1377; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081377
Submission received: 1 March 2022 / Revised: 31 March 2022 / Accepted: 4 April 2022 / Published: 17 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nanostructured Surfaces for Cell Adhesion Control)
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Abstract

In the biological microenvironment, cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM), with which they dynamically interact during various biological processes. Specifically, the physical and chemical properties of the ECM work cooperatively to influence the behavior and fate of cells directly and indirectly, which invokes various physiological responses in the body. Hence, efficient strategies to modulate cellular responses for a specific purpose have become important for various scientific fields such as biology, pharmacy, and medicine. Among many approaches, the utilization of biomaterials has been studied the most because they can be meticulously engineered to mimic cellular modulatory behavior. For such careful engineering, studies on physical modulation (e.g., ECM topography, stiffness, and wettability) and chemical manipulation (e.g., composition and soluble and surface biosignals) have been actively conducted. At present, the scope of research is being shifted from static (considering only the initial environment and the effects of each element) to biomimetic dynamic (including the concepts of time and gradient) modulation in both physical and chemical manipulations. This review provides an overall perspective on how the static and dynamic biomaterials are actively engineered to modulate targeted cellular responses while highlighting the importance and advance from static modulation to biomimetic dynamic modulation for biomedical applications.
Keywords: biomaterial engineering; cell modulation; static modulation; dynamic modulation; biomedical engineering biomaterial engineering; cell modulation; static modulation; dynamic modulation; biomedical engineering

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Park, H.-J.; Hong, H.; Thangam, R.; Song, M.-G.; Kim, J.-E.; Jo, E.-H.; Jang, Y.-J.; Choi, W.-H.; Lee, M.-Y.; Kang, H.; et al. Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081377

AMA Style

Park H-J, Hong H, Thangam R, Song M-G, Kim J-E, Jo E-H, Jang Y-J, Choi W-H, Lee M-Y, Kang H, et al. Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(8):1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081377

Chicago/Turabian Style

Park, Hyung-Joon, Hyunsik Hong, Ramar Thangam, Min-Gyo Song, Ju-Eun Kim, Eun-Hae Jo, Yun-Jeong Jang, Won-Hyoung Choi, Min-Young Lee, Heemin Kang, and et al. 2022. "Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation" Nanomaterials 12, no. 8: 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081377

APA Style

Park, H.-J., Hong, H., Thangam, R., Song, M.-G., Kim, J.-E., Jo, E.-H., Jang, Y.-J., Choi, W.-H., Lee, M.-Y., Kang, H., & Lee, K.-B. (2022). Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation. Nanomaterials, 12(8), 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081377

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