Construction of α-MnO2 on Carbon Fibers Modified with Carbon Nanotubes for Ultrafast Flexible Supercapacitors in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes with Wide Voltage Windows
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials Preparation
2.2. Preparation of Asymmetrical Supercapacitors
2.3. Materials Characterization
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
3. Results
3.1. Materials Characterization
3.2. Electrochemical Properties of The Fabricated Electrodes
3.3. Electrochemical Performance of α-MnO2-Based Supercapacitor Devices with 1 M Na2SO4 Electrolyte
3.4. The Performance of 4 V Voltage Window α-MnO2-Based Flexible Supercapacitor with Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Cao, J.; Zhou, T.; Xu, Y.; Qi, Y.; Zhang, Q. Oriented Assembly of Anisotropic Nanosheets into Ultrathin Flowerlike Superstructures for Energy Storage. ACS Nano 2021, 15, 2707–2718. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Nguyen, T.T.; Shim, J.J. Formation of fringed carnation-like cobalt manganese fluoride hydroxide assisted by ammonium fluoride for supercapacitor applications. J. Power Sources 2022, 521, 230888. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, G.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, J. A review of electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 797–828. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Iro, Z.S. A Brief Review on Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2016, 11, 10628–10643. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wei, J.Q.; Zhong, L.X.; Xia, H.R.; Lv, Z.S.; Diao, C.Z.; Zhang, W.; Li, X.; Du, Y.H.; Xi, S.B.; Salanne, M.; et al. Metal-Ion Oligomerization Inside Electrified Carbon Micropores and its Effect on Capacitive Charge Storage. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 21074. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lei, Z.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, X.S. Ultrathin MnO2 Nanofibers Grown on Graphitic Carbon Spheres as High-performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Electrodes. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 153–160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Winter, M.; Brodd, R.J. What Are Batteries, Fuel Cells, and Supercapacitors? Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4245–4270. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, G.; Lei, Z.; Kim, J.; Zhang, J. Nickel and cobalt oxide composite as a possible electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 2012, 217, 554–561. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Snook, G.A.; Kao, P.; Best, A.S. AS Conducting-polymer-based supercapacitor devices and electrodes. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 1–12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wickramaarachchi, K.; Minakshi, M. Consequences of electrodeposition parameters on the microstructure and electrochemical behavior of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) for supercapacitor. Ceram. Int. 2022, 48, 19913–19924. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, L.; Ouyang, Y.; Jiao, X.; Xia, X.; Lei, W.; Hao, Q. Polyaniline-assisted growth of MnO2 ultrathin nanosheets on graphene and porous graphene for asymmetric supercapacitor with enhanced energy density. Chem. Eng. J. 2018, 334, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guo, Z.; Huang, J.; Dong, X.; Xia, Y.; Wang, Y. An organic/inorganic electrode-based hydronium-ion battery. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 959. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhu, J.; Zhang, D.; Zhu, Z.; Wu, Q.; Li, J. Review and prospect of MnO2-based composite materials for supercapacitor electrodes. Ionics 2021, 27, 3699–3714. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, D.; Xie, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, D.; Wang, B. MnO2/Carbon Composites for Supercapacitor: Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance. Front. Mater. 2020, 7, 2. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lu, W.; Li, Y.; Yang, M.; Jiang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Xing, Y. Construction of Hierarchical Mn2O3@MnO2 Core–Shell Nanofibers for Enhanced Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 8190–8197. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cheng, Y.; Lu, S.; Zhang, H.; Varanasi, C.V.; Liu, J. Synergistic effects from graphene and carbon nanotubes enable flexible and robust electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 4206. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lu, L.; Xu, S.; An, J.; Yan, S. Electrochemical performance of CNTs/RGO/MnO2 composite material for supercapacitor. Nanomater. Nanotechnol. 2016, 6, 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fu, C.; Liu, D.; Li, Y.; Zhou, H.; Kuang, Y. Three-Dimensional Pompon-like MnO2/Graphene Hydrogel Composite for Supercapacitor. Electrochim. Acta 2016, 210, 804–811. [Google Scholar]
- Rosario-Canales, M.R.; Deria, P.; Therien, M.J.; Santiago-Avilés, J.J. Composite electronic materials based on poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) and highly charged poly(aryleneethynylene)-wrapped carbon nanotubes for supercapacitors. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2012, 4, 102–109. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Deng, M.; Yang, B.; Shang, S.; Hu, Y. Studies on CNTs–MnO2 nanocomposite for supercapacitors. J. Mater. Sci. 2005, 40, 1017–1018. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kumar, D.R.; Manoj, D.; Santhanalakshmi, J. Optimization of oleylamine-Fe3O4/MWCNTs nanocomposite modified GC electrode for electrochemical determination of ofloxacin. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2014, 14, 5059–5069. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dong, Y.; Zheng, J. A nonenzymatic L-cysteine sensor based on SnO2-MWCNTs nanocomposites. J. Mol. Liq. 2014, 196, 280–284. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gao, X.; Du, X.; Mathis, T.S.; Zhang, M.; Xu, M. Maximizing ion accessibility in MXene-knotted carbon nanotube composite electrodes for high-rate electrochemical energy storage. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 6160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, J.G.; Yang, Y.; Huang, Z.H.; Kang, F. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of MnO2/CNTs–embedded carbon nanofibers nanocomposites for supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 75, 213–219. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, X.; Chen, Y.; Liang, K.; Yu, X.; Zhang, H. Fe2O3 Nanowire Arrays on Ni-Coated Yarns as excellent electrodes for High Performance Wearable Yarn-Supercapacitor. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 866, 158156. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, M.; Meng, Z.; Feng, R.; Zhu, K.; Zhao, F.; Wang, C.; Wang, J.; Wang, L.; Chu, P.K. Fabrication of Bimetallic Oxides (MCo2O4: M=Cu, Mn) on Ordered Microchannel Electro-Conductive Plate for High-Performance Hybrid Supercapacitors. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9896. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Feng, R.; Li, M.; Wang, Y.; Lin, J.; Chu, P.K. High-performance multi-dimensional nitrogen-doped N+MnO2@TiC/C electrodes for supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 2021, 370, 137716. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, M.; Zhu, K.; Meng, Z.; Hu, R.; Wang, J.; Wang, C.; Chu, P.K. Efficient coupling of MnO2/TiN on carbon cloth positive electrode and Fe2O3/TiN on carbon cloth negative electrode for flexible ultra-fast hybrid supercapacitors. RSC Adv. 2021, 11, 35726. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, H.; Wang, M.; Wang, D.; Mi, J. Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of Fe2O3/CNTs composite as supercapacitor electrode materials. J. Alloys Compd. 2018, 765, 1263–1266. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, J.; Guo, X.; Cui, R.; Huang, H.; Sun, B. MnO2/Porous Carbon Nanotube/MnO2 Nanocomposites for High-Performance Supercapacitor. Electrochim. Acta 2020, 3, 11152–11159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lv, P.; Feng, Y.Y.; Li, Y.; Feng, W. Carbon fabric-aligned carbon nanotube/MnO2/conducting polymers ternary composite electrodes with high utilization and mass loading of MnO2 for super-capacitors. J. Power Sources 2012, 220, 160–168. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, J.W.; Chen, Y.; Chen, B.Z. Synthesis and control of high-performance MnO2/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites for supercapacitors. J. Alloys Compd. 2016, 688, 184–197. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Qiang, Z.; Deng, Y.; Hu, Z.; Liu, Y.; Yao, M.; Liu, P. Seaurchin-like hierarchical NiCo2O4@NiMoO4 core/shell nanomaterials for high performance supercapacitor. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 23451–23460. [Google Scholar]
- Le, K.; Gao, M.; Xu, D.; Wang, Z.; Wang, G.; Liu, W.; Wang, F.; Liu, J. Polypyrrole-coated Fe2O3 nanotubes constructed from nanoneedles as high-performance anodes for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors. Dalton Trans. 2020, 49, 9701–9709. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, L.; Yang, H.; Liu, X.; Zeng, R.; Li, M.; Huang, Y.; Hu, X. Constructing Hierarchical Tectorum-like α-Fe2O3/PPy Nanoarrays on Carbon Cloth for Solid-State Asymmetric Supercapacitors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 1105–1110. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, S.; Feng, R.C.; Li, M.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, B.H.; Liang, Y.; Ning, H.P.; Wang, J.L.; Wang, C.R.; Chu, P.K. Needle-like CoO nanowire composites with NiO nanosheets on carbon cloth for hybrid flexible supercapacitors and overall water splitting electrodes. RSC Adv. 2020, 10, 37489–37499. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dong, Y.; Xing, L.; Hu, F.; Umar, A.; Wu, X. α-Fe2O3/rGO nanospindles as electrode materials for supercapacitors with long cycle life. Mater. Res. Bull. 2018, 107, 391–396. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Patil, S.J.; Chodankar, N.R.; Han, Y.-K.; Lee, D.W. Carbon alternative pseudocapacitive V2O5 nanobricks and δ-MnO2 nanoflakes@α-MnO2 nanowires hetero-phase for high-energy pseudocapacitor. J. Power Sources 2020, 453, 227766. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cheng, Q.; Jie, T.; Ma, J.; Han, Z.; Shinya, N.; Qin, L.C. Graphene and nanostructured MnO2 composite electrodes for supercapacitors. Carbon 2011, 49, 2917–2925. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ashwani, K.; Sanger, A.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, Y.; Chandra, R. An efficient α-MnO2 nanorods forests electrode for electrochemical capacitors with neutral aqueous electrolytes. Electrochim. Acta 2016, 220, 712–720. [Google Scholar]
- Qi, J.Q.; Guo, R.; Zhao, F.F.; Li, W.Y.; Yao, W.Q. Tailoring the lattice structure of manganese oxides under electric field and improving the supercapacity of them. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 2017, 225, 134–139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jayaseeland, S.S.; Radhakrishnan, S.; Saravanakumar, B.; Seo, M.K.; Khil, M.S.; Kim, H.Y.; Kim, B.S. Mesoporous 3D NiCo2O4/MWCNT nanocomposite aerogels prepared by a supercritical CO2 drying method for high performance hybrid supercapacitor electrodes. Colloid Surf. A 2018, 538, 451–459. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Quan, W.; Jiang, C.; Wang, S.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Tang, Z.; Favier, F. New nanocomposite material as supercapacitor electrode prepared via restacking of Ni-Mn LDH and MnO2 nanosheets. Electrochim. Acta 2017, 247, 1072–1079. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wen, W.; Ju, B.; Wang, X.; Wu, C.; Shu, H.; Yang, X. Effects of magnesium and fluorine co-doping on the structural and electrochemical performance of the spinel LiMn2O4 cathode materials. Electrochim. Acta 2014, 147, 271–278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Song, H.S.; Cao, Z.; Zhang, Z.A.; Lai, Y.Q.; Li, J.; Liu, Y.X. Effect of vinylene carbonate as electrolyte additive on cycling performance of LiFePO4/graphite cell at elevated temperature. T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc. 2014, 24, 723–728. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, X.; He, Y.; Guo, Z.; Huang, H.; Zhang, P.; Lin, H. Enhanced electrochemical supercapacitor performance with a three-dimensional porous boron-doped diamond film. New J. Chem. 2019, 43, 18813–18822. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Taberna, P.L.; Simon, P.; Fauvarque, J.F. Electrochemical characteristics and impedance spectroscopy studies of carbon-carbon supercapacitors. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2003, 150, A292–A300. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peng, D.; Guo, M.; Tong, R. Characterization of defects in the formation process of self-assembled thiol monolayers by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2001, 495, 98–105. [Google Scholar]
- He, M.; Cao, L.; Li, W.; Chang, X.; Ren, Z. α-MnO2 nanotube@δ-MnO2 nanoflake hierarchical structure on three-dimensional graphene foam as a lightweight and free-standing supercapacitor electrode. J. Alloys Compd. 2021, 865, 158934. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, C.; Yu, X.; Chen, H.; Li, L.; Sun, D.; Chen, X.; Hao, X. Blocky woodceramics/nano-MnO2 prepared by one-step hydrothermal activation as supercapacitor electrode. J. Alloys Compd. 2021, 864, 158685. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, C.; Hu, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Li, N.; Ding, Y.; Guo, J.; Zhao, C.; Yang, Y. Aerobic Recovered Carbon Fiber Support-Based MoO2//MnO2 Asymmetric Supercapacitor with a Widened Voltage Window. Energy Fuels 2021, 35, 6909–6920. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, Y.; Liu, Y.; Sun, Z.; Bai, Y.; Cheng, S.; Cui, P.; Zhang, J.; Su, Q.; Fu, J.; Xie, E. Strategic harmonization of surface charge distribution with tunable redox radical for high-performing MnO2-based supercapacitor. Electrochim. Acta 2021, 375, 137979. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, L.; Yin, H.; Zhang, Y.; Xie, H. Facile Synthesis of Modified MnO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and their Application in Supercapacitors. Nano 2020, 15, 2050099. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, H.; Guo, Z.; Wang, S.; Xun, X.; Chen, D.; Lian, J. Reduced core-shell structured MnCo2O4@MnO2 nanosheet arrays with oxygen vacancies grown on Ni foam for enhanced-performance supercapacitors. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 846, 156504. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zarshad, N.; Rahman, A.U.; Wu, J.; Ali, A.; Raziq, F.; Han, L.; Wang, P.; Li, G.; Ni, H. Enhanced energy density and wide potential window for K incorporated MnO2@carbon cloth supercapacitor. Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 415, 128967. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rani, J.R.; Thangavel, R.; Kim, M.; Lee, Y.S.; Jang, J.H. Ultra-High Energy Density Hybrid Supercapacitors Using MnO2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanoscrolls. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 2049. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ma, N.; Phattharasupakun, N.; Wutthiprom, J.; Tanggarnjanavalukul, C.; Wuanprakhon, P.; Kidkhunthod, P.; Sawangphruk, M. High-performance hybrid supercapacitor of mixed-valence manganese oxide/N-doped graphene aerogel nanoflower using an ionic liquid with a redox additive as the electrolyte: In situ electrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Electrochim. Acta 2018, 271, 110–119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yadav, N.; Yadav, N.; Singh, M.K.; Hashmi, S.A. Nonaqueous, Redox-Active Gel Polymer Electrolyte for High-Performance Supercapacitor. Energy Technol. 2019, 7, 1900132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, M.; Fang, L.; Zhou, H.; Wu, F.; Lu, Y.; Luo, H.; Zhang, Y.; Hu, B. Three-dimensional porous MXene/NiCo-LDH composite for high performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2019, 495, 143554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, X.; Zhao, D.; Zhao, Y.; Tang, P.; Shen, Y.; Xu, C.; Li, H.; Xiao, Y. High performance asymmetric supercapacitor based on MnO2 electrode in ionic liquid electrolyte. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 3706–3712. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, L.; Su, L.; Lang, J.; Hu, B.; Xu, S.; Yan, X. Controllable synthesis of Mn3O4 nanodots@nitrogen-doped graphene and its application for high energy density supercapacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 5523–5531. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Soon, J.M.; Loh, K.P. Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitance of MoS2 Nanowall Films. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2007, 10, A250. [Google Scholar]
Electrodes | Electrolytes | Potential Window (V) | Specific Capacitance (F g−1) | Energy Density (Wh kg−1) | Power Density (W kg−1) | Capacitive Retention | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MnOx/N-rGOae | [BMP][DCA] + K4[Fe(CN)6] | 3 V | 144.45 | 44.68 | 1121.6 | 85.3% (after 20,000 cycles) | [57] |
NiO/rGO | EMIBF4 + LiTFSI | 4 V | 56.7 | 146 | 1000 | 83.2% (after 4000 cycles) | [58] |
Peanut-shell-derided AC | Mg(Tf)2 + EMITf | 2 V | 189 | 26 | 57,000 | 72% (after 10,000 cycles) | [59] |
NF/CNT/Au/MnO2 | [Bmim]PF6/DMF | 3 V | - | 67.5 | 593.8 | - | [60] |
Mn3O4 NDs@NG//APDC | EMIMBF4 | 4 V | 56 | 124 | 999.3 | 82.4% (after 20,000 cycles) | [61] |
α-MCNTs//FCNTs-4V | EMIMBF4 | 4 V | 124.8 | 166.7 | 3000.0 | 87.77% (after 5000 cycles) | This work |
α-M//F-4V | EMIMBF4 | 4 V | 78.2 | 160.4 | 2000.0 | 78.95% (after 5000 cycles) | This work |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Li, M.; Zhu, K.; Zhao, H.; Meng, Z.; Wang, C.; Chu, P.K. Construction of α-MnO2 on Carbon Fibers Modified with Carbon Nanotubes for Ultrafast Flexible Supercapacitors in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes with Wide Voltage Windows. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12122020
Li M, Zhu K, Zhao H, Meng Z, Wang C, Chu PK. Construction of α-MnO2 on Carbon Fibers Modified with Carbon Nanotubes for Ultrafast Flexible Supercapacitors in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes with Wide Voltage Windows. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(12):2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12122020
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Mai, Kailan Zhu, Hanxue Zhao, Zheyi Meng, Chunrui Wang, and Paul K. Chu. 2022. "Construction of α-MnO2 on Carbon Fibers Modified with Carbon Nanotubes for Ultrafast Flexible Supercapacitors in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes with Wide Voltage Windows" Nanomaterials 12, no. 12: 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12122020