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J. Intell.
Volume 13
Issue 8
10.3390/jintelligence13080091
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Correction to J. Intell. 2023, 11(11), 213.
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Correction

Correction: Winter et al. (2023). Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213

by
Emily L. Winter
1,*,
Jacqueline M. Caemmerer
2,
Sierra M. Trudel
3,
Johanna deLeyer-Tiarks
4,
Melissa A. Bray
2,
Brittany A. Dale
5 and
Alan S. Kaufman
2
1
School of Health Sciences Clinical PsyD Program, Touro University, New York, NY 10036, USA
2
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
3
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
4
School-Clinical Child Psychology Program, Pace University, New York, NY 10038, USA
5
Department of Special Education, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Intell. 2025, 13(8), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13080091
Submission received: 14 July 2025 / Accepted: 16 July 2025 / Published: 23 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment of Human Intelligence—State of the Art in the 2020s)
Versions Notes

Text Correction

There was an error in the original publication (Winter et al. 2023) concerning the results presented in the abstract.
A correction has been made to the abstract:
Extremely premature children scored significantly lower than moderately premature children on four subtests (expressive communication, cognitive, fine motor, gross motor), and both preterm groups were significantly outscored by the full-term sample (across all subtests in extremely preterm and across four subtests in moderately preterm). In most of the group comparisons, the cognitive and motor subtests yielded larger differences than the expressive and receptive communication subtests. A follow-up MANOVA was conducted to examine full-term versus preterm discrepancies on the five subtests for infants (2–17 months) vs. toddlers (18–42 months). For that analysis, the two preterm groups were combined into a single preterm sample, and a significant interaction between the age level and group (full-term vs. preterm) was found. Premature infants scored lower than premature toddlers on the fine motor and cognitive subtests.
In addition, a change has been introduced to the Data Availability Statement; the section has been corrected to the following:
Restrictions apply to the availability of these data. Data were obtained from Pearson Assessments and are available via from https://www.pearsonassessments.com/forms/standardization-data-license-requests.html with the permission of Pearson Assessments. Standardization data from the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development™, Fourth Edition (Bayley-4). Copyright © 2019 NCS Pearson, Inc. Data used with permission. All rights reserved. NCS Pearson, Inc., Bloomington, IN, USA.
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

  1. Winter, Emily L., Jacqueline M., Caemmerer, Sierra M. Trudel, Johanna deLeyer-Tiarks, Melissa A. Bray, Brittany A. Dale, and Alan S. Kaufman. 2023. Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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MDPI and ACS Style

Winter, E.L.; Caemmerer, J.M.; Trudel, S.M.; deLeyer-Tiarks, J.; Bray, M.A.; Dale, B.A.; Kaufman, A.S. Correction: Winter et al. (2023). Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213. J. Intell. 2025, 13, 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13080091

AMA Style

Winter EL, Caemmerer JM, Trudel SM, deLeyer-Tiarks J, Bray MA, Dale BA, Kaufman AS. Correction: Winter et al. (2023). Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213. Journal of Intelligence. 2025; 13(8):91. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13080091

Chicago/Turabian Style

Winter, Emily L., Jacqueline M. Caemmerer, Sierra M. Trudel, Johanna deLeyer-Tiarks, Melissa A. Bray, Brittany A. Dale, and Alan S. Kaufman. 2025. "Correction: Winter et al. (2023). Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213" Journal of Intelligence 13, no. 8: 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13080091

APA Style

Winter, E. L., Caemmerer, J. M., Trudel, S. M., deLeyer-Tiarks, J., Bray, M. A., Dale, B. A., & Kaufman, A. S. (2025). Correction: Winter et al. (2023). Does the Degree of Prematurity Relate to the Bayley-4 Scores Earned by Matched Samples of Infants and Toddlers across the Cognitive, Language, and Motor Domains? Journal of Intelligence 11: 213. Journal of Intelligence, 13(8), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence13080091

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