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Volume 14
Issue 10
10.3390/jmse14100958
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Robust Vessel Detection in Low-SNR DAS via Spatial Coherence Enhancement

by
Zhongxiang Zheng
1,2,
Peng Liu
1,2,* and
Wei Huang
1,3
1
Hainan Acoustics Laboratory, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haikou 570105, China
2
Lingshui, Marine Information, Hainan Observation and Research Station, Lingshui 572423, China
3
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14(10), 958; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14100958 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 17 April 2026 / Revised: 18 May 2026 / Accepted: 19 May 2026 / Published: 21 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence Technology and Application in Marine Science and Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Robust vessel detection from low-Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) data benefits from exploiting spatial correlations among adjacent channels. The Cross-Channel Attention Fusion Network (CASFNet) is presented, utilizing a Cross-Channel Attention Fusion (CASF) mechanism to dynamically model dependencies among adjacent channels. This approach, based on a dual-component spectrogram representation, adaptively fuses local spatial context, enhancing signal coherence under low-SNR conditions. Experiments on real-world DAS data demonstrate superior accuracy and robustness compared to state-of-the-art methods, achieving a detection accuracy of 99.24% and an F1-score of 99.19%. Ablation results confirm the effectiveness of this spatial fusion strategy for vessel monitoring using submarine DAS data.
Keywords: distributed acoustic sensing (DAS); underwater vessel detection; deep learning; spatial coherence; low SNR distributed acoustic sensing (DAS); underwater vessel detection; deep learning; spatial coherence; low SNR

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, Z.; Liu, P.; Huang, W. Robust Vessel Detection in Low-SNR DAS via Spatial Coherence Enhancement. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14, 958. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14100958

AMA Style

Zheng Z, Liu P, Huang W. Robust Vessel Detection in Low-SNR DAS via Spatial Coherence Enhancement. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2026; 14(10):958. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14100958

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Zhongxiang, Peng Liu, and Wei Huang. 2026. "Robust Vessel Detection in Low-SNR DAS via Spatial Coherence Enhancement" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 14, no. 10: 958. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14100958

APA Style

Zheng, Z., Liu, P., & Huang, W. (2026). Robust Vessel Detection in Low-SNR DAS via Spatial Coherence Enhancement. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 14(10), 958. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14100958

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