Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Location and Animals
2.2. Measurements
2.3. Data Analysis and Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Distribution of the Number of Fresh Dairy Cows Classified Differently According to the Ease of Calving by the Level of Urea in Milk
3.2. The Relationship of Urea with Other Characteristics of Cow’s Milk
3.3. Milk Characteristics of Fresh Dairy Cows Depending on Calving Score and Milk Urea Level
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CE Score | Cows by MU Level (Number/Percent) | Cows by MU Level (Number/Percent) | Cows by MU Level (Number/Percent) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 |
2 | 198/33.17 | 1501/50.99 | 565/47.80 |
3 | 264/44.22 | 874/29.69 | 341/28.85 |
4 | 65/10.89 | 279/9.48 | 146/12.35 |
χ2 = 78.589, df = 6, p < 0.001 |
Indicator | Group by MU Level | M ± SEM | Significance of the Group Effect (p) |
---|---|---|---|
MY (kg) | 1 | 27.455 ± 0.328 a | <0.001 |
2 | 27.760 ± 0.148 a | ||
3 | 29.960 ± 0.233 b | ||
MF (%) | 1 | 4.048 ± 0.034 a | 0.028 |
2 | 4.052 ± 0.015 a | ||
3 | 4.154 ± 0.024 b | ||
SMY (kg) | 1 | 27.331 ± 0.334 a | <0.001 |
2 | 27.778 ± 0.150 a | ||
3 | 30.434 ± 0.237 b | ||
MP (%) | 1 | 3.390 ± 0.016 a | <0.001 |
2 | 3.502 ± 0.007 a | ||
3 | 3.463 ± 0.011 a | ||
MF/MP | 1 | 1.200 ± 0.010 a | 0.006 |
2 | 1.163 ± 0.004 b | ||
3 | 1.207 ± 0.007 a | ||
ML (%) | 1 | 4.635 ± 0.010 a | <0.001 |
2 | 4.673 ± 0.005 b | ||
3 | 4.606 ± 0.007 a | ||
EC (mS/cm) | 1 | 4.976 ± 0.023 a | 0.002 |
2 | 4.886 ± 0.010 b | ||
3 | 5.060 ± 0.017 c | ||
SCS | 1 | 1.959 ± 0.019 a | 0.050 |
2 | 1.868 ± 0.014 b | ||
3 | 1.897 ± 0.009 b |
Indicators | Significance of Effects | Model | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CE Score | MU Level | Interaction between CE and MU Levels | R2 | p | |
MY (kg) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.033 | 0.934 | <0.001 |
MF (%) | <0.001 | 0.028 | 0.073 | 0.960 | <0.001 |
SMY (kg) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.935 | <0.001 |
MP (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.207 | 0.989 | <0.001 |
MF (%)/MP (%) | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.963 | <0.001 |
ML (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.997 | <0.001 |
SCS | <0.001 | 0.050 | 0.004 | 0.941 | <0.001 |
EC (mS/cm) | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.989 | <0.001 |
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Televičius, M.; Antanaitis, R.; Juozaitienė, V.; Paulauskas, A.; Malašauskienė, D.; Urbutis, M.; Baumgartner, W. Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows. Agriculture 2021, 11, 1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111159
Televičius M, Antanaitis R, Juozaitienė V, Paulauskas A, Malašauskienė D, Urbutis M, Baumgartner W. Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows. Agriculture. 2021; 11(11):1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111159
Chicago/Turabian StyleTelevičius, Mindaugas, Ramūnas Antanaitis, Vida Juozaitienė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Dovilė Malašauskienė, Mingaudas Urbutis, and Walter Baumgartner. 2021. "Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Urea and Relationship with Other Milk Characteristics in Dairy Cows" Agriculture 11, no. 11: 1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111159