Temperament and Character Profile and Its Clinical Correlates in Male Patients with Dual Schizophrenia
1
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebrón 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
2
Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(6), 1876; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061876
Received: 8 May 2020
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Revised: 7 June 2020
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Accepted: 12 June 2020
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Published: 16 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Addiction and Other Mental Disorders (Dual Disorders))
Personality traits are relevant in understanding substance use disorders (SUD) and schizophrenia (SZ), but few works have also included patients with dual schizophrenia (SZ+) and personality traits. We explored personality profile in a sample of 165 male patients under treatment, using the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. The participants were assigned to three groups of 55 patients each, according to previous diagnosis: SUD, SZ- and SZ+ (without/with SUD). We analyzed their clinical characteristics, relating them to personality dimensions. The SUD and SZ+ groups scored higher than SZ- in Novelty/Sensation Seeking. SZ- and SZ+ presented higher Harm Avoidance and lower Persistence than the SUD group. SZ+ patients showed the lowest levels of Self-directedness, while SZ- and SZ+ had higher scores in Self-transcendence than the SUD group. Several clinical characteristics were associated with personality dimensions depending on diagnosis, and remarkably so for psychiatric symptoms in the SZ- and SZ+ groups. The three groups had a maladaptive personality profile compared to general population. Our results point to different profiles for SUD versus SZ, while both profiles appear combined in the SZ+ group, with extreme scores in some traits. Thus, considering personality endophenotypes in SZ+ could help in designing individualized interventions for this group.
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Keywords:
temperament; character; personality; substance use disorder; schizophrenia; dual schizophrenia; psychiatric symptoms; global functioning
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MDPI and ACS Style
Río-Martínez, L.; Marquez-Arrico, J.E.; Prat, G.; Adan, A. Temperament and Character Profile and Its Clinical Correlates in Male Patients with Dual Schizophrenia. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061876
AMA Style
Río-Martínez L, Marquez-Arrico JE, Prat G, Adan A. Temperament and Character Profile and Its Clinical Correlates in Male Patients with Dual Schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(6):1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061876
Chicago/Turabian StyleRío-Martínez, Laura, Julia E. Marquez-Arrico, Gemma Prat, and Ana Adan. 2020. "Temperament and Character Profile and Its Clinical Correlates in Male Patients with Dual Schizophrenia" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6: 1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061876
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