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Article

Serological Surveillance of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Réunion Island (France) Revealed that Specific Immunoglobulin G Are Rapidly Vanishing in Severe Cases

1
Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis, France
2
Faculté de Médecine, Campus universitaire Ambohitsaina, BP375, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
3
UMR PIMIT ‘Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical’ CNRS 9192, INSERM1187, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis, France
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CNR Associé Arbovirus, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU de La Réunion, 97440 Saint-Denis, France
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Service de Médecine Interne, CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis, France
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Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la ZOI (LICE-OI), Pôle de Biologie, CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(12), 3847; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123847
Received: 30 September 2020 / Revised: 6 November 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 / Published: 27 November 2020
Humoral immunity is critically important to control COVID-19. Long-term antibody responses remain to be fully characterized in hospitalized patients who have a high risk of death. We compared specific Immunoglobulin responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between two groups, intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU hospitalized patients over several weeks. Plasma specific IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were assessed using a commercial ELISA and compared to an in-house cell-based ELISA. Among the patients analyzed (mean (SD) of age, 64.4 (15.9) years, 19.2% female), 12 (46.2%) were hospitalized in ICU. IgG levels increased in non-ICU cases from the second to the eighth week after symptom onset. By contrast, IgG response was blunted in ICU patients over the same period. ICU patients with hematological malignancies had very weak or even undetectable IgG levels. While both groups had comparable levels of specific IgM antibodies, we found much lower levels of specific IgA in ICU versus non-ICU patients. In conclusion, COVID-19 ICU patients may be at risk of reinfection as their specific IgG response is declining in a matter of weeks. Antibody neutralizing assays and studies on specific cellular immunity will have to be performed. View Full-Text
Keywords: COVID-19; disease severity; intensive care unit; immunoglobulin G; serological analyses; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Western blot COVID-19; disease severity; intensive care unit; immunoglobulin G; serological analyses; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Western blot
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MDPI and ACS Style

Dobi, A.; Sandenon Seteyen, A.-L.; Lalarizo Rakoto, M.; Lebeau, G.; Vagner, D.; Frumence, É.; Giry, C.; Septembre-Malaterre, A.; Raffray, L.; Gasque, P. Serological Surveillance of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Réunion Island (France) Revealed that Specific Immunoglobulin G Are Rapidly Vanishing in Severe Cases. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 3847. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123847

AMA Style

Dobi A, Sandenon Seteyen A-L, Lalarizo Rakoto M, Lebeau G, Vagner D, Frumence É, Giry C, Septembre-Malaterre A, Raffray L, Gasque P. Serological Surveillance of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Réunion Island (France) Revealed that Specific Immunoglobulin G Are Rapidly Vanishing in Severe Cases. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(12):3847. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123847

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dobi, Anthony, Anne-Laure Sandenon Seteyen, Mahary Lalarizo Rakoto, Grégorie Lebeau, Damien Vagner, Étienne Frumence, Claude Giry, Axelle Septembre-Malaterre, Loïc Raffray, and Philippe Gasque. 2020. "Serological Surveillance of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Réunion Island (France) Revealed that Specific Immunoglobulin G Are Rapidly Vanishing in Severe Cases" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12: 3847. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123847

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