Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Ultrasound Examination
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SGA (n = 21) | Non-SGA (n = 375) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Mother | |||
Age (years) | 31.67 ± 3.75 | 31.96 ± 3.66 | 0.724 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.65 ± 3.72 | 21.80 ± 3.62 | 0.849 |
Gravida | 2.19 ± 1.33 | 2.02 ± 1.09 | 0.502 |
Para | 0.62 ± 0.59 | 0.57 ± 0.65 | 0.740 |
Cesarean delivery | 11 (52.40) | 93 (24.80) | 0.005 * |
Chronic hypertension | 4 (19.05) | 9 (2.40) | 0.003 * |
Gestational hypertension | 0 | 3 (0.80) | >0.999 |
Preeclampsia | 5 (23.81) | 2 (0.53) | <0.001 * |
Type I DM | 0 | 2 (0.53) | >0.999 |
Type II DM | 0 | 5 (1.33) | >0.999 |
GDM | 1 (4.76) | 30 (8.00) | >0.999 |
Neonate | |||
Delivery age (weeks) | 36.67 ± 2.37 | 38.69 ± 1.56 | 0.001 * |
Birth weight (g) | 2175.00 ± 426.91 | 3139.18 ± 406.73 | <0.001 * |
Apgar score | |||
1 minute | 8.57 ± 1.33 | 9.21 ± 0.97 | 0.005 * |
5 minutes | 9.48 ± 0.87 | 9.69 ± 0.63 | 0.277 |
SGA (n = 21) | Non-SGA (n = 375) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
First trimester | |||
GA at examination (weeks) | 12.90 ± 0.51 | 12.95 ± 0.44 | 0.600 |
PAPP-A (IU/L) | 3.63 (5.14) | 5.39 (4.73) | 0.226 |
Free β-hCG (IU/L) | 43.36 (28.37) | 45.50 (38.90) | 0.260 |
CRL (mm) | 66.39 ± 6.88 | 67.66 ± 5.99 | 0.348 |
VI | 19.32 ± 8.25 | 20.99 ± 9.63 | 0.436 |
FI | 25.10 ± 7.51 | 33.10 ± 10.97 | <0.001 * |
VFI | 4.59 ± 1.95 | 6.28 ± 2.35 | 0.001 * |
Placental volume (cm3) | 49.46 ± 8.22 | 50.34 ± 9.30 | 0.672 |
Uterine artery PI | 1.69 ± 0.57 | 1.68 ± 0.44 | 0.939 |
Second trimester | |||
GA at examination (weeks) | 22.24 ± 0.45 | 22.42 ± 0.49 | 0.089 |
BPD (cm) | 5.31 ± 0.31 | 5.49 ± 0.23 | 0.001 * |
AC (cm) | 17.04 ± 0.94 | 17.68 ± 0.97 | 0.004 * |
FL (cm) | 3.70 ± 0.20 | 3.81 ± 0.19 | 0.007 * |
VI | 26.57 ± 9.54 | 29.94 ± 11.68 | 0.195 |
FI | 27.08 ± 7.97 | 31.54 ± 11.01 | 0.022 * |
VFI | 6.68 ± 1.71 | 8.68 ± 3.09 | <0.001 * |
Placental volume (cm3) | 104.80 ± 24.23 | 122.67 ± 26.35 | 0.003 * |
Uterine artery PI | 1.02 ± 0.42 | 0.93 ± 0.22 | 0.330 |
ICC | 95% CI | p | |
---|---|---|---|
VI | 0.983 | 0.958–0.993 | <0.001 * |
FI | 0.929 | 0.821–0.972 | <0.001 * |
VFI | 0.954 | 0.885–0.982 | <0.001 * |
Placental volume | 0.961 | 0.903–0.985 | <0.001 * |
Variables | Univariate Logistic Regression | Multivariate Logistic Regression | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted OR | 95% CI | p | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p | |
First trimester | ||||||
VFI | 0.70 | 0.56–0.88 | 0.002 * | 0.76 | 0.60–0.96 | 0.024 * |
Placental volume | 0.99 | 0.94–1.04 | 0.671 | 0.99 | 0.94–1.05 | 0.872 |
Second trimester | ||||||
VFI | 0.74 | 0.61–0.90 | 0.003 * | 0.78 | 0.63–0.96 | 0.021 * |
Placental volume | 0.97 | 0.94–0.99 | 0.003 * | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.007 * |
First trimester (per 1 SD) | ||||||
VFI | 0.43 | 0.25–0.73 | 0.002 * | 0.43 | 0.25–0.73 | 0.002 * |
Placental volume | 0.91 | 0.59–1.41 | 0.671 | 0.99 | 0.65–1.52 | 0.969 |
Second trimester (per 1 SD) | ||||||
VFI | 0.41 | 0.23–0.74 | 0.003 * | 0.39 | 0.21–0.74 | 0.004 * |
Placental volume | 0.39 | 0.22–0.73 | 0.003 * | 0.43 | 0.25–0.77 | 0.004 * |
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Chen, S.-J.; Chen, C.-P.; Sun, F.-J.; Chen, C.-Y. Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101651
Chen S-J, Chen C-P, Sun F-J, Chen C-Y. Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(10):1651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101651
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Sue-Jar, Chie-Pein Chen, Fang-Ju Sun, and Chen-Yu Chen. 2019. "Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10: 1651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101651
APA StyleChen, S.-J., Chen, C.-P., Sun, F.-J., & Chen, C.-Y. (2019). Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(10), 1651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101651