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Volume 15
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10.3390/jcm15166490
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Case Report

Otitis Externa in a Newborn After Waterbirth—A Case Report Followed by a Literature Review

by
Julia Ufnal
1,
Maria Wolniewicz
2,* and
Lidia Zawadzka-Głos
2
1
Students’ Scientific Association of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology “Otorhino”, University Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki I Wigury 63A, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
2
University Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki I Wigury 63A, 02-091m Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(16), 6490; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166490
Submission received: 14 June 2026 / Revised: 22 July 2026 / Accepted: 19 August 2026 / Published: 21 August 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Pediatrics)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Waterbirth has become a widely adopted alternative to a conventional delivery, with well-documented maternal benefits, but there is an ongoing debate regarding neonatal safety. We would like to report a case of a 10-day-old male neonate who developed acute otitis externa (AOE) following waterbirth. Despite the rare occurrence of this disease in children under 2 years of age, prompt diagnosis and timely initiation of appropriate therapy led to a full recovery. This case represents a previously undocumented, yet plausible, complication of waterbirth and underscores the importance of careful neonatal ear assessment and preventive measures in aquatic deliveries.
Keywords: waterbirth; waterbirth complications; water delivery; acute otitis externa; neonates; neonatal external ear infection; post-delivery care waterbirth; waterbirth complications; water delivery; acute otitis externa; neonates; neonatal external ear infection; post-delivery care

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ufnal, J.; Wolniewicz, M.; Zawadzka-Głos, L. Otitis Externa in a Newborn After Waterbirth—A Case Report Followed by a Literature Review. J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15, 6490. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166490

AMA Style

Ufnal J, Wolniewicz M, Zawadzka-Głos L. Otitis Externa in a Newborn After Waterbirth—A Case Report Followed by a Literature Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2026; 15(16):6490. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166490

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ufnal, Julia, Maria Wolniewicz, and Lidia Zawadzka-Głos. 2026. "Otitis Externa in a Newborn After Waterbirth—A Case Report Followed by a Literature Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 15, no. 16: 6490. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166490

APA Style

Ufnal, J., Wolniewicz, M., & Zawadzka-Głos, L. (2026). Otitis Externa in a Newborn After Waterbirth—A Case Report Followed by a Literature Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 15(16), 6490. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166490

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