Impact of Uterine Leiomyomas on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Reproductive-Aged Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Definitions of Events
2.4. Other Baseline Characteristics
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Statement of Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
3.2. Risk of CVD with Uterine Myomas
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total, No. (%) | CVD, No. (%) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | |||
2,580,349 | 2,575,406 | 4943 | ||
Age, mean ± SD | 29.75 ± 5.23 | 29.74 ± 5.23 | 31.59 ± 5.37 | <0.0001 |
<30 | 1,336,189 (51.76) | 1,334,172 (51.79) | 2017 (36.87) | <0.0001 |
30≤ | 1,245,511 (48.24) | 1,242,058 (48.21) | 3453 (63.13) | |
Uterine fibroid | <0.0001 | |||
No | 2,522,888 (97.72) | 2,517,614(97.72) | 5274 (96.42) | |
Yes | 58,812 (2.28) | 58,616 (2.28) | 196 (3.58) | |
Myomectomy | <0.0001 | |||
No | 2,556,637 (99.03) | 2,551,253 (99.03) | 5384 (98.43) | |
Yes | 25,063 (0.97) | 24,977 (0.97) | 86 (1.57) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 24,431 (0.95) | 24,257 (0.94) | 174 (3.18) | <0.0001 |
Hypertension | 60,544 (2.35) | 60,173 (2.34) | 371 (6.78) | <0.0001 |
Dyslipidemia | 96,646 (3.74) | 96,256 (3.74) | 390 (7.13) | <0.0001 |
CKD | 71,245 (2.76) | 71,082 (2.76) | 163 (2.98) | 0.3195 |
Smoking | <0.0001 | |||
Non | 2,333,989 (90.41) | 2,329,292 (90.41) | 4697 (85.87) | |
Past | 94,660 (3.67) | 94,408 (3.66) | 252 (4.61) | |
Current | 153,051 (5.93) | 152,530 (5.92) | 521 (9.52) | |
Alcohol drinking | <0.0001 | |||
Non | 1,407,627 (54.52) | 1,404,611 (54.52) | 3016 (55.14) | |
Mild | 1,112,295 (43.08) | 1,110,018 (43.09) | 2277 (41.63) | |
Heavy | 61,778 (2.39) | 61,601 (2.39) | 177 (3.24) | |
Regular exercise | 246,691 (9.56) | 246,084 (9.55) | 607 (11.1) | 0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.36 ± 3.25 | 21.36 ± 3.25 | 22.31 ± 3.91 | <0.0001 |
<18.5 | 381,218 (14.77) | 380,587 (14.77) | 631 (11.54) | <0.0001 |
<23 | 1,592,692 (61.69) | 1,589,717 (61.71) | 2975 (54.39) | |
<25 | 301,165 (11.67) | 300,394 (11.66) | 771 (14.1) | |
<30 | 245,700 (9.52) | 244,887 (9.51) | 813 (14.86) | |
30≤ | 60,925 (2.36) | 60,645 (2.35) | 280 (5.12) | |
Income (lower 20%) | 561,729 (21.76) | 560,353 (21.75) | 1376 (25.16) | <0.0001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 98.24 ± 41.22 | 98.25 ± 41.23 | 96.89 ± 37.21 | 0.0153 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 88.2 ± 13.22 | 88.2 ± 13.19 | 91.44 ± 23.55 | <0.0001 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 111.25 ± 11.53 | 111.24 ± 11.52 | 114.04 ± 13.94 | <0.0001 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 69.86 ± 8.52 | 69.85 ± 8.52 | 71.81 ± 10.03 | <0.0001 |
Baseline HDL-C (mg/dL) | 63.39 ± 27.55 | 63.39 ± 27.54 | 61.92 ± 30.12 | <0.0001 |
Baseline LDL-C (mg/dL) | 112.14 ± 302.12 | 112.14 ± 302.19 | 112.84 ± 270.37 | 0.8645 |
Fibroid | Total n | Event | IR Per 1000 | Model 1 | p-Value | Model 2 | p-Value | Model 3 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MI | No | 2,522,888 | 3107 | 0.23 | 1 (Ref.) | <0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0008 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0011 |
Yes | 58,812 | 115 | 0.37 | 1.58 (1.32, 1.91) | 1.36 (1.14, 1.66) | 1.36 (1.13, 1.64) | ||||
Stroke | No | 2,522,888 | 2240 | 0.17 | 1 (Ref.) | <0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0567 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0708 |
Yes | 58,812 | 82 | 0.26 | 1.57 (1.26, 1.96) | 1.24 (0.99, 1.55) | 1.26 (0.98, 1.53) | ||||
CVD | No | 2,522,888 | 5274 | 0.39 | 1 (Ref.) | <0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0002 |
Yes | 58,812 | 196 | 0.63 | 1.59 (1.38, 1.84) | 1.33 (1.15, 1.53) | 1.32 (1.14, 1.52) |
Fibroid | n | Event | IR per 1000 | Model 1 | p-Value | Model 2 | p-Value | Model 3 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MI | No | 2,522,888 | 3107 | 0.23 | 1 (Ref.) | <0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0027 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.003 |
Yes − OP | 33,749 | 68 | 0.38 | 1.62 (1.30, 2.10) | 1.46 (1.15, 1.86) | 1.462 (1.15, 1.86) | ||||
Yes + OP | 25,063 | 47 | 0.35 | 1.50 (1.13, 2.00) | 1.27 (0.95, 1.70) | 1.248 (0.94, 1.67) | ||||
Stroke | No | 2,522,888 | 2240 | 0.17 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0002 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.1392 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.1788 |
Yes − OP | 33,749 | 43 | 0.24 | 1.45 (1.07, 1.95) | 1.18 (0.87, 1.59) | 1.18 (0.87, 1.59) | ||||
Yes + OP | 25,063 | 39 | 0.29 | 1.74 (1.26, 2.38) | 1.32 (0.96, 1.81) | 1.28 (0.94, 1.76) | ||||
CVD | No | 2,522,888 | 5274 | 0.40 | 1 (Ref.) | <0.0001 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0005 | 1 (Ref.) | 0.0008 |
Yes − OP | 33,749 | 110 | 0.62 | 1.57 (1.30, 1.90) | 1.34 (1.11, 1.62) | 1.34 (1.11, 1.62) | ||||
Yes + OP | 25,063 | 86 | 0.64 | 1.62 (1.31, 2.01) | 1.31 (1.06, 1.62) | 1.28 (1.036, 1.59) |
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Park, J.Y.; Han, K.; Kim, H.; Song, J.-Y.; Kim, M.-R.; Chung, Y.-J. Impact of Uterine Leiomyomas on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Reproductive-Aged Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020519
Park JY, Han K, Kim H, Song J-Y, Kim M-R, Chung Y-J. Impact of Uterine Leiomyomas on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Reproductive-Aged Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(2):519. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020519
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Jung Yoon, Kyungdo Han, Hyunkyung Kim, Jae-Yen Song, Mee-Ran Kim, and Youn-Jee Chung. 2025. "Impact of Uterine Leiomyomas on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Reproductive-Aged Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 2: 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020519
APA StylePark, J. Y., Han, K., Kim, H., Song, J.-Y., Kim, M.-R., & Chung, Y.-J. (2025). Impact of Uterine Leiomyomas on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Reproductive-Aged Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(2), 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14020519