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Systematic Review

Traumatic Bilateral Lumbosacral Jumped Facet Without Fracture in Childhood: Case Report and Systematic Review

Department of Aging, Orthopaedic and Rheumatological Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(17), 6228; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176228
Submission received: 23 July 2025 / Revised: 23 August 2025 / Accepted: 28 August 2025 / Published: 3 September 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Traumatic dislocation of the lumbosacral facet joints without associated fractures is exceedingly rare in the pediatric population. Due to the unique anatomical and biomechanical features of the pediatric spine, such injuries present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aims to describe a rare case of bilateral L5–S1 jumped facets without fracture in a 13-year-old boy and to review the existing literature on pediatric traumatic facet dislocations. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up to 16 January 2025. Keywords included “pediatric traumatic spondylolisthesis” and “pediatric traumatic facet joint”. Eligible studies reported traumatic lumbosacral or thoracolumbar facet dislocations in patients aged <18 years. In addition, we report the clinical course, surgical management, and outcome of a representative case from our institution. Results: The systematic review identified 14 pediatric cases across 11 studies. Most patients were male (71.4%), with high-energy trauma as the primary mechanism. The L5–S1 level was most frequently involved (57.1%). Neurological impairment was present in 57.1% of cases. All patients underwent surgical treatment, with posterior fixation being the most common approach. Our case involved bilateral L5–S1 jumped facets without fracture, successfully treated with open reduction and posterior fusion. Postoperative recovery was favorable, with neurological improvement. Conclusions: Traumatic bilateral facet dislocation without fracture is an extremely rare but serious condition in pediatric patients. Early recognition and surgical stabilization are essential to prevent permanent neurological damage. This study reinforces the importance of advanced imaging and prompt multidisciplinary management in optimizing outcomes.
Keywords: pediatric spine trauma; jumped facet; lumbosacral dislocation; traumatic spondylolisthesis; facet joint; posterior fusion pediatric spine trauma; jumped facet; lumbosacral dislocation; traumatic spondylolisthesis; facet joint; posterior fusion

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MDPI and ACS Style

Borruto, M.I.; Pomponi, M.; Velluto, C.; Marciano, A.; Proietti, L.; Scaramuzzo, L. Traumatic Bilateral Lumbosacral Jumped Facet Without Fracture in Childhood: Case Report and Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 6228. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176228

AMA Style

Borruto MI, Pomponi M, Velluto C, Marciano A, Proietti L, Scaramuzzo L. Traumatic Bilateral Lumbosacral Jumped Facet Without Fracture in Childhood: Case Report and Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(17):6228. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176228

Chicago/Turabian Style

Borruto, Maria Ilaria, Michele Pomponi, Calogero Velluto, Achille Marciano, Luca Proietti, and Laura Scaramuzzo. 2025. "Traumatic Bilateral Lumbosacral Jumped Facet Without Fracture in Childhood: Case Report and Systematic Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 17: 6228. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176228

APA Style

Borruto, M. I., Pomponi, M., Velluto, C., Marciano, A., Proietti, L., & Scaramuzzo, L. (2025). Traumatic Bilateral Lumbosacral Jumped Facet Without Fracture in Childhood: Case Report and Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(17), 6228. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176228

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