The Evaluation of Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance Indicators and Cortisol Pre- and Post-Surgery in Patients with Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: A Preliminary Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Surgery and Blood Collection
2.2.1. Surgery Methodology
2.2.2. Biochemical Analyses
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance
3.2. Activity of CK and LDH
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Study Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ANZCTR | Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry |
AOPPs | Advanced protein oxidation products |
BMI | Body mass index |
CAT | Catalase |
CK | Creatine kinase |
Cor | Cortisol |
CT | Computed tomography |
CV | Coefficients of variation |
CXPA | Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma |
GPX | Glutathione peroxidase |
GSH | Reduced glutathione |
Hb | Hemoglobin |
HPV | Human papillomavirus |
Ht | Hematocrit |
LDH | Lactate dehydrogenase |
MDA | Malondialdehyde |
PA | Pleomorphic adenoma |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
TAS | Total antioxidant capacity |
TBA | The thiobarbituric acid |
TOS | Total oxidative capacity |
UA | Uric acid |
WT | Warthin’s tumor |
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Variable | M ± SD |
---|---|
Age (years) | 63.9 ± 12.4 |
Body weight (kg) | 79.9 ± 18.5 |
Body height (cm) | 168.6 ± 7.67 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 5.98 |
Variables | Time | M ± SD | t | p | dc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hb (g/dL) | 1 | 14.2 ± 1.7 | −1.67 | 0.112 | 0.48 |
2 | 14.9 ± 1.0 | ||||
Ht (%) | 1 | 40.5 ± 5.1 | −1.18 | 0.252 | 0.36 |
2 | 42.0 ± 2.7 | ||||
Cor (µg/dL) | 1 | 13.4 ± 4.1 | 2.05 | 0.054 | 0.64 |
2 | 10.9 ± 3.5 |
Variables | Time | M ± SD | Statistics | Significant | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SOD (U/gHb) | 1 | 1414.1 ± 254.4 | t = −0.31 | p = 1.00 | dc = 0.09 |
2 | 1436.3 ± 212.7 | ||||
CAT (U/gHb) | 1 | 167.0 ± 29.4 | t = −0.22 | p = 0.100 | dc = 0.06 |
2 | 168.9 ± 30.5 | ||||
GPx (U/gHb) | 1 | 39.9 ± 8.4 | t = −0.11 | p = 0.916 | dc = 0.04 |
2 | 40.2 ± 8.7 | ||||
GSH (µg/mgHb) | 1 | 3.0 ± 0.4 | t = 3.07 | p = 0.038 | dc = 0.78 |
2 | 2.7 ± 0.3 | ||||
TAS (mmol/L) | 1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | t = −1.54 | p = 0.563 | dc = 0.48 |
2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | ||||
UA (mg/dL) | 1 | 5.8 ± 1.5 | t = 2.03 | p = 0.281 | dc = 0.29 |
2 | 5.3 ± 1.5 | ||||
MDA (µmol/L) | 1 | 6.2 ± 1.4 | Z = −3.58 | p = 0.001 | r = 0.80 |
2 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | ||||
TOS (µmol/L) | 1 | 430.0 ± 208.7 | t = −2.15 | p = 0.044 | dc = 0.41 |
2 | 520.1 ± 229.6 |
Variables | Time | M ± SD | Statistics | Significant | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK (U/L) | 1 | 120.3 ± 99.5 | t = 0.90 | p = 0.760 | dc = 0.23 |
2 | 100.0 ± 75.5 | ||||
LDH (U/L) | 1 | 797.9 ± 335.2 | t = 0.69 | p = 0.500 | dc = 0.22 |
2 | 726.4 ± 306.6 |
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Bańkowski, S.; Pilch, J.; Witek, B.; Markowski, J.; Likus, W.; Rozpara, M.; Sadowska-Krępa, E. The Evaluation of Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance Indicators and Cortisol Pre- and Post-Surgery in Patients with Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: A Preliminary Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155425
Bańkowski S, Pilch J, Witek B, Markowski J, Likus W, Rozpara M, Sadowska-Krępa E. The Evaluation of Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance Indicators and Cortisol Pre- and Post-Surgery in Patients with Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(15):5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155425
Chicago/Turabian StyleBańkowski, Sebastian, Jan Pilch, Bartosz Witek, Jarosław Markowski, Wirginia Likus, Michał Rozpara, and Ewa Sadowska-Krępa. 2025. "The Evaluation of Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance Indicators and Cortisol Pre- and Post-Surgery in Patients with Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: A Preliminary Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 15: 5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155425
APA StyleBańkowski, S., Pilch, J., Witek, B., Markowski, J., Likus, W., Rozpara, M., & Sadowska-Krępa, E. (2025). The Evaluation of Blood Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance Indicators and Cortisol Pre- and Post-Surgery in Patients with Benign Parotid Gland Tumors: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(15), 5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155425