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Article

Should the Dermatological Assessment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Become Standard during Qualifications for Biological Treatment? A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Center

by
Konrad Lewandowski
1,
Magdalena Kaniewska
1,*,
Edyta Tulewicz-Marti
1,
Martyna Głuszek-Osuch
1,2,
Piotr Ciechanowicz
3,4,
Irena Walecka
3,4 and
Grażyna Rydzewska
1,2
1
Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
2
Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland
3
Department of Dermatology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
4
Department of Dermatology, National Institute of Medicine of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(17), 5213; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175213
Submission received: 31 July 2024 / Revised: 21 August 2024 / Accepted: 29 August 2024 / Published: 2 September 2024
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Abstract

Background: Oncological anxiety associated with biological therapy is a particular challenge in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and it has raised questions about the need for the dermatological assessment of the skin before starting biological therapy. Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of dermal lesions, including cutaneous malignancies, in IBD patients. This retrospective, single-center study evaluated 805 IBD patients who qualified for biological treatment and were subjected to a dermatological assessment. Results: Dermal lesions (DLs) were found in 15.5% (125) of IBD patients. A risk factor for DLs was higher with body mass index (OR = 1.08, 95% CI [1.02; 1.14], p = 0.007). Surprisingly, there was no effect of thiopurines between the groups with and without DLs (90.4% vs. 84.6%, MD = 0.06, 95% CI [0.01; 0.12], p = 0.118). Moreover, cutaneous malignancies were diagnosed in 9 cases (1.1%), including 4 basal cell carcinomas, 4 squamous cell carcinomas, and 1 melanoma skin cancer. Only 13.4% of patients complied with our strict policy of skin surveillance every 6–8 months. Conclusions: DLs, including cutaneous malignancies, are common in patients with IBD, making skin monitoring at the initiation of biological treatment an extremely useful tool. The lack of effect of the drugs used suggests that skin surveillance is necessary in all IBD patients. The low compliance of skin monitoring among immunosuppressed patients indicates the need for better education on the prevention of cutaneous malignancies.
Keywords: biological treatment; dermal lesions; extraintestinal manifestations; inflammatory bowel disease; cutaneous malignancies biological treatment; dermal lesions; extraintestinal manifestations; inflammatory bowel disease; cutaneous malignancies

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lewandowski, K.; Kaniewska, M.; Tulewicz-Marti, E.; Głuszek-Osuch, M.; Ciechanowicz, P.; Walecka, I.; Rydzewska, G. Should the Dermatological Assessment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Become Standard during Qualifications for Biological Treatment? A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Center. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175213

AMA Style

Lewandowski K, Kaniewska M, Tulewicz-Marti E, Głuszek-Osuch M, Ciechanowicz P, Walecka I, Rydzewska G. Should the Dermatological Assessment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Become Standard during Qualifications for Biological Treatment? A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Center. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(17):5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175213

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lewandowski, Konrad, Magdalena Kaniewska, Edyta Tulewicz-Marti, Martyna Głuszek-Osuch, Piotr Ciechanowicz, Irena Walecka, and Grażyna Rydzewska. 2024. "Should the Dermatological Assessment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Become Standard during Qualifications for Biological Treatment? A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Center" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17: 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175213

APA Style

Lewandowski, K., Kaniewska, M., Tulewicz-Marti, E., Głuszek-Osuch, M., Ciechanowicz, P., Walecka, I., & Rydzewska, G. (2024). Should the Dermatological Assessment of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Become Standard during Qualifications for Biological Treatment? A Retrospective, Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Center. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(17), 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175213

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