Reliability of Endolymphatic Hydrops Qualitative Assessment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Consideration
2.2. Study Group Description
2.3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Procedure and Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Results
3.1.1. Patients’ Characteristics
3.1.2. MRI Findings—Radiological Features Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- Visualization of endolymphatic structures is possible.
- Endolymphatic hydrops is present more often in Ménière’s disease ears than in other inner diseases and much more frequent than in asymptomatic ears, so it might be used as a diagnostic criterion to support the diagnosis of Ménière’s disease for clinically unclear cases.
- Increased perilymphatic enhancement is not difficult to assess and is present more often in Ménière’s disease than in other inner ear pathologies.
- Quick diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops on MRI is not difficult, even for quickly trained observers, that is, otorhinolaryngologists after a short period of training.
- The assessment of vestibular hydrops on the two scales mentioned above is easy to learn. The modified scale increases the sensitivity and specificity of the method to diagnose Ménière’s disease ears, so it can be used for diagnosing and staging vestibular endolymphatic hydrops.
- Evaluation of cochlear hydrops is more complicated than vestibular. However, the main concern is not to diagnose pathology but to grade it properly (which means to answer the question “is it 1st or 2nd grade endolymphatic hydrops?”) rather than to diagnose it (“is it normal = 0 or abnormal = 1st or 2nd grade?”). Therefore, it should be used for the diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops, not for grading it.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CoEH Number of Ears (Percentage) | VEH Barath Number of Ears (Percentage) | VEH Bernaerts Number of Ears (Percentage) | PE Number of Ears (Percentage) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical diagnosis | Number of ears (total 220) | Rad1 | Rad2 | Oto | Rad1 | Rad2 | Oto | Rad1 | Rad2 | Oto | Rad1 | Rad2 | Oto |
Definite MD | 75 | 58 (77%) | 60 (80%) | 57 (76%) | 56 (74.7%) | 61 (81.3%) | 62 (82.7%) | 47 (62.7%) | 46 (61.3%) | 44 (58.7%) | |||
Probable MD | 5 | 0 (0%) | 1 (20%) | ||||||||||
Other diseases | 67 | 4 (6%) | 4 (6%) | 3 (4.5%) | 3 (4.5%) | 5 (7.5%) | 9 (13.4%) | ||||||
Asymptomatic | 73 | 4 (5.5%) | 6 (8.2%) | 2 (2.7%) | 2 (2.7%) | 8 (11%) | 4 (5.5%) | 2 (2.7%) |
Radiological Feature | Friedman ANOVA p-Value | Kendall’s Concordance Coefficient | Pairs of Observers Compared | Number of Different Observations | Wilcoxon Test Results p-Value | ANOVA Test Results p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CoEH | 0.0000 * | 0.0456 | Rad1 vs. Rad2 | 11 | 0.0164 | 0.0067 * |
Rad1 vs. Oto | 19 | 0.0269 | 0.0116 * | |||
Rad2 vs. Oto | 30 | 0.0014 | 0.0003 * | |||
VEH Barath | 0.0111 * | 0.0205 | Rad1 vs. Rad2 | 0 | -- | -- |
Rad1 vs. Oto | 8 | 0.0587 | 0.0339 * | |||
Rad2 vs. Oto | 8 | 0.0587 | 0.0339 * | |||
VEH Bernaerts | 0.1030 | 0.0103 | Rad1 vs. Rad2 | 0 | -- | |
Rad1 vs. Oto | 11 | 0.1823 | 0.1317 | |||
Rad2 vs. Oto | 11 | 0.1823 | 0.1317 | |||
PE | 0.2053 | 0.0072 | Rad1 vs. Rad2 | 7 | 0.3105 | 0.2568 |
Rad1 vs. Oto | 11 | 0.1823 | 0.1317 | |||
Rad2 vs. Oto | 6 | 0.4631 | 0.4142 |
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Wnuk, E.; Lachowska, M.; Jasińska-Nowacka, A.; Maj, E.; Niemczyk, K. Reliability of Endolymphatic Hydrops Qualitative Assessment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010202
Wnuk E, Lachowska M, Jasińska-Nowacka A, Maj E, Niemczyk K. Reliability of Endolymphatic Hydrops Qualitative Assessment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(1):202. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010202
Chicago/Turabian StyleWnuk, Emilia, Magdalena Lachowska, Agnieszka Jasińska-Nowacka, Edyta Maj, and Kazimierz Niemczyk. 2023. "Reliability of Endolymphatic Hydrops Qualitative Assessment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 1: 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010202
APA StyleWnuk, E., Lachowska, M., Jasińska-Nowacka, A., Maj, E., & Niemczyk, K. (2023). Reliability of Endolymphatic Hydrops Qualitative Assessment in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(1), 202. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010202