Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastritis in Okinawa and Tokyo Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Methods
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients Studied
3.2. Endoscopic Findings of H. pylori Gastritis Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis
3.3. Age Analysis
3.4. Age-Adjusted Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tokyo Group | Okinawa Group | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 352 | 435 | ||
Age (yr; mean ± SD) | 64.6 ± 14.3 | 53.3 ± 14.7 | <0.001 | |
Sex | male | 181 | 247 | 0.133 |
female | 171 | 188 |
Tokyo Group | Okinawa Group | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Group of patients under 65 years old | Number of patients | 156 | 327 | |
Age (yr; mean ± SD) | 52.0 ± 11.3 | 46.9 ± 10.5 | <0.001 | |
Male/female | 72/84 | 181/146 | 0.058 | |
Group of patients 65 years old or older | Number of patients | 196 | 108 | |
Age (yr; mean ± SD) | 74.6 ± 6.1 | 72.7 ± 5.6 | 0.006 | |
Male/female | 109/87 | 66/42 | 0.353 |
Kyoto Classification of Gastritis | Tokyo Group (%) | Okinawa Group (%) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 352 | n = 435 | |||
Atrophy 1 | closed | 131 (37.2) 2 | 318 (73.1) | <0.001 |
open | 221 (62.8) | 117 (26.9) | ||
diffuse redness | 298 (84.7) | 351 (80.7) | 0.145 | |
mucous swelling | 165 (46.9) | 212 (48.7) | 0.696 | |
enlarged fold | 114 (32.4) | 113 (26.0) | 0.048 | |
spotty redness | 239 (67.9) | 338 (77.7) | 0.002 | |
sticky mucus | 125 (35.5) | 73 (16.8) | <0.001 | |
foveolar-hyperplastic polyp | 50 (14.2) | 39 (8.97) | 0.021 | |
patchy redness | 29 (8.24) | 59 (13.6) | 0.018 | |
intestinal metaplasia | 147 (41.8) | 142 (32.6) | 0.007 | |
nodularity | 23 (6.53) | 37 (8.51) | 0.300 | |
xanthoma | 33 (9.38) | 20 (4.60) | 0.007 | |
hematin | 6 (1.70) | 28 (6.44) | 0.001 |
(a) The under-65-years age group | ||||
Kyoto Classification of Gastritis | Tokyo Group (%) | Okinawa Group (%) | p-Value | |
n = 156 | n = 327 | |||
Atrophy | closed | 82 (52.6) | 270 (82.6) | <0.001 |
open | 74 (47.4) | 57 (17.4) | ||
diffuse redness | 132 (84.6) | 260 (79.6) | 0.180 | |
mucosal swelling | 71 (45.5) | 149 (45.6) | 0.991 | |
enlarged fold | 51 (32.7) | 76 (23.2) | 0.027 | |
spotty redness | 100 (64.1) | 248 (75.8) | 0.007 | |
sticky mucus | 58 (37.2) | 45 (13.7) | <0.001 | |
foveolar-hyperplastic polyp | 21 (13.5) | 23 (7.03) | 0.021 | |
patchy redness | 7 (4.48) | 39 (11.9) | 0.009 | |
intestinal metaplasia | 48 (30.8) | 89 (27.2) | 0.340 | |
nodularity | 19 (12.2) | 36 (11.0) | 0.705 | |
xanthoma | 9 (5.77) | 7 (2.14) | 0.037 | |
hematin | 2 (1.28) | 23 (7.03) | 0.008 | |
(b) The 65-years-and-older age group | ||||
Kyoto Classification of Gastritis | Tokyo Group (%) | Okinawa Group (%) | p-Value | |
n = 196 | n = 108 | |||
Atrophy | closed | 49 (25.0) | 48 (44.4) | <0.001 |
open | 147 (75.0) | 60 (55.6) | ||
diffuse redness | 166 (84.7) | 91 (84.3) | 0.920 | |
mucosal swelling | 94 (48.0) | 63 (58.3) | 0.083 | |
enlarged fold | 63 (32.1) | 37 (34.3) | 0.707 | |
spotty redness | 139 (70.9) | 90 (83.3) | 0.016 | |
sticky mucus | 67 (34.2) | 28 (26.0) | 0.137 | |
foveolar-hyperplastic polyp | 29 (14.8) | 16 (14.8) | 0.966 | |
patchy redness | 22 (11.2) | 20 (18.5) | 0.078 | |
intestinal metaplasia | 99 (50.5) | 53 (49.1) | 0.811 | |
nodularity | 4 (2.04) | 1 (0.93) | 0.659 | |
xanthoma | 24 (12.2) | 13 (12.0) | 0.958 | |
hematin | 4 (2.04) | 5 (4.63) | 0.288 |
Kyoto Classification of Gastritis | OR * | 95%CI | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
atrophy (closed 1; open 0) | 2.843 | 2.032–3.985 | <0.001 |
diffuse redness | 0.787 | 0.524–1.174 | 0.244 |
mucosal swelling | 1.221 | 0.900–1.658 | 0.200 |
enlarged fold | 0.816 | 0.583–1.141 | 0.234 |
spotty redness | 1.947 | 1.379–2.761 | <0.001 |
sticky mucus | 0.439 | 0.306–0.626 | <0.001 |
foveolar hyperplastic polyp | 0.816 | 0.504–1.317 | 0.406 |
patchy redness | 2.336 | 1.421–3.917 | 0.001 |
intestinal metaplasia | 0.975 | 0.708–1.346 | 0.876 |
nodularity | 0.601 | 0.318–1.142 | 0.117 |
xanthoma | 0.731 | 0.390–1.344 | 0.319 |
hematin | 3.526 | 1.471–9.849 | 0.008 |
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Oki, S.; Takeda, T.; Hojo, M.; Uchida, R.; Suzuki, N.; Abe, D.; Ikeda, A.; Akazawa, Y.; Ueyama, H.; Nojiri, S.; et al. Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastritis in Okinawa and Tokyo Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195739
Oki S, Takeda T, Hojo M, Uchida R, Suzuki N, Abe D, Ikeda A, Akazawa Y, Ueyama H, Nojiri S, et al. Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastritis in Okinawa and Tokyo Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(19):5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195739
Chicago/Turabian StyleOki, Shotaro, Tsutomu Takeda, Mariko Hojo, Ryota Uchida, Nobuyuki Suzuki, Daiki Abe, Atsushi Ikeda, Yoichi Akazawa, Hiroya Ueyama, Shuko Nojiri, and et al. 2022. "Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastritis in Okinawa and Tokyo Based on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19: 5739. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195739