GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40 as Potential Markers of Cartilage Turnover in Blood of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Etanercept—Relationship with ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Samples
Parameter | Control Subjects (n = 45) | Patients of JIA (n = 38) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before ETA Treatment T0 (n = 38) | Time after Starting Etanercept Therapy | ||||||
3 Months T3 | 6 Months T6 | 12 Months T12 | 18 Months T18 | 24 Months T24 | |||
Age (years) | 8.01 ± 2.59 | 6.82 ± 2.04 | 7.04 ± 2.08 | 7.31 ± 2.07 | 7.82 ± 2.03 | 8.37 ± 2.71 | 8.84 ± 2.07 |
Sex (F/M) | 21/9 | 25/10 | 25/10 | 25/10 | 25/10 | 25/10 | 25/10 |
JADAS-27 | - | 41.50 (36.50–49.50) | 17.50 (15.50–21.50) | 9.50 (8.00–13.50) | 2.50 (1.00–4.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.50) | 0.50 (0.00–1.00) b |
Treatment drugs | - | MTX, EC, SSA | ETA, MTX, EC, SSA | ETA, MTX | ETA, MTX | ETA, MTX | ETA, MTX |
WBC (103/μL) | 5.23 ± 2.15 | 9.88 ± 3.70 a | 7.07 ± 2.63 | 6.96 ± 2.85 | 6.75 ± 1.52 | 6.52 ± 1.62 | 6.28 ± 2.16 b |
RBC (106/μL) | 4.85 ± 0.33 | 3.87 ± 0.58 a | 4.51 ± 0.72 | 4.50 ± 0.82 | 4.48 ± 0.32 | 4.60 ± 0.39 | 4.86 ± 0.64 |
Hb (g/dL) | 13.84 ± 1.81 | 11.35 ± 2.52 a | 11.99 ± 1.95 | 12.61 ± 4.40 | 13.50 ± 1.81 | 13.01 ± 1.46 | 13.80 ± 1.25 b |
PLT (103/μL) | 293.20 ± 71.56 | 348.95 ± 55.04 | 362.41 ± 53.88 | 318.95 ± 77.10 | 327.74 ± 84.96 | 312.05 ± 78.96 | 336.15 ± 50.50 |
GPT (U/L) | 19.65 ± 7.98 | 23.96 ± 11.02 | 22.25 ± 7.41 | 17.56 ± 11.00 | 21.08 ± 8.30 | 24.45 ± 7.61 | 26.00 ± 10.08 a |
GOT (U/L) | 25.68 ± 9.02 | 26.99 ± 10.98 | 26.70 ± 7.82 | 22.28 ± 7.41 | 22.19 ± 10.47 | 23.22 ± 10.87 | 25.92 ± 12.20 |
Cr (mg/dL) | 0.69 ± 0.42 | 0.68 ± 0.55 | 0.70 ± 0.72 | 0.65 ± 0.23 | 0.70 ± 0.25 | 0.83 ± 0.25 | 0.96 ± 0.50 b |
ESR (mm/h) | 6.99 ± 2.21 | 42.85 ± 13.27 a | 29.41 ± 13.05 | 12.04 ± 7.84 | 8.95 ± 2.49 | 9.65 ± 6.60 | 8.87 ± 1.23 b |
CRP (mg/L) | 0.67 (0.36–1.00) | 23.83 (18.5–33.79) a | 13.98 (11.69–16.12) | 0.79 (0.38–5.16) | 0.74 (0.32–2.6) | 0.45 (0.2–1.2) | 0.43 (0.23–1.61) b |
ADAMTS4 * (ng/mL) | 21.02 ± 9.01 (n = 45) | 38.20 ± 10.94 a (n = 54) | 32.16 ± 9.87 (n = 54) | 29.58 ± 8.98 b (n = 54) | 34.36 ± 9.55 (n = 54) | 36.68 ± 12.98 (n = 54) | 26.96 ± 10.15 b,c (n = 54) |
ADAMTS5 * (ng/mL) | 28.66 ± 6.66 (n = 45) | 38.09 ± 15.60 a (n = 54) | 30.08 ± 12.25 (n = 54) | 23.89 ± 7.95 b (n = 54) | 23.35 ± 8.50 b (n = 54) | 22.84 ± 6.09 b (n = 54) | 24.05 ± 5.66 b (n = 54) |
2.2. Isolation of Plasma Glycosaminoglycans
2.3. Determination of the Concentration of Hexuronic Acids
2.4. Quantitative Evaluation of Galactosaminoglycans
2.5. The Assay of the Concentration of COMP, YKL-40, and PDGF-BB
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Plasma Levels of GAAGs, COMP, YKL-40, and PDGF-BB in Healthy Children and JIA Patients
3.2. Changes in Plasma Levels of GAAGs, COMP, YKL-40, and PDGF-BB in Patients with JIA during ETA Treament
3.3. Correlation Analysis between Plasma GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40, and ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB Levels in JIA Patients
3.4. Correlation Analysis between Plasma GAAGs and ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and PDGF-BB Levels in JIA Patients
3.5. Correlation Analysis between Plasma COMP and ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and PDGF-BB Levels in JIA Patients
3.6. Correlation Analysis between Plasma YKL-40 and ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and PDGF-BB Levels in JIA Patients
Parameter | Patients of JIA (n = 38) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before ETA Treatment T0 | Time after Starting Etanercept Therapy | |||||
3 Months T3 | 6 Months T6 | 12 Months T12 | 18 Months T18 | 24 Months T24 | ||
GAAGs | ||||||
ADAMTS4 r (p) | 0.846 (p < 0.001) | 0.725 (p < 0.001) | 0.158 (NS) | 0.211 (NS) | 0.060 (NS) | −0.124 (NS) |
ADAMTS5 r (p) | 0.099 (NS) | 0.482 (p = 0.002) | −0.045 (NS) | 0.232 (NS) | 0.155 (NS) | −0.463 (p = 0.003) |
PDGF-BB r (p) | 0.687 (p < 0.001) | 0.791 (p < 0.001) | 0.084 (NS) | 0.386 (p = 0.017) | 0.263 (NS) | 0.167 (NS) |
COMP | ||||||
ADAMTS4 r (p) | 0.026 (NS) | 0.179 (NS) | 0.642 (p < 0.001) | 0.650 (p < 0.001) | 0.758 (p < 0.001) | 0.770 (p < 0.001) |
ADAMTS5 r (p) | 0.348 (p = 0.032) | 0.306 (NS) | 0.646 (p < 0.001) | 0.366 (p = 0.024) | −0.087 (NS) | 0.446 (NS) |
PDGF-BB r (p) | 0.128 (NS) | 0.381 (p = 0.018) | 0.065 (NS) | 0.322 (p = 0.049) | −0.029 (NS) | 0.160 (NS) |
YKL-40 | ||||||
ADAMTS4 r (p) | 0.113 (NS) | 0.336 (p = 0.039) | −0.215 (NS) | 0.360 (p = 0.026) | 0.017 (NS) | 0.538 (p < 0.001) |
ADAMTS5 r (p) | 0.016 (NS) | 0.506 (p < 0.001) | −0.211 (NS) | 0.574 (p < 0.001) | 0.491 (p = 0.002) | 0.066 (NS) |
PDGF-BB r (p) | 0.074 (NS) | 0.708 (p < 0.001) | 0.587 (p < 0.001) | 0.436 (p = 0.006) | 0.656 (p < 0.001) | −0.056 (NS) |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Control Subjects (n = 30) | Patients of JIA (n = 38) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before ETA Treatment T0 | Time after Starting Etanercept Therapy | ||||||
3 Months T3 | 6 Months T6 | 12 Months T12 | 18 Months T18 | 24 Months T24 | |||
GAAGs (ug/mL) | 18.98 ± 4.91 | 9.37 ± 2.10 a | 21.98 ± 6.22 b | 23.23 ± 5.82 b | 18.71 ± 4.45 b,c,d | 15.18 ± 3.85 b,c,d,e | 16.13 ± 2.85 a,b,c,d |
COMP (ng/mL) | 597.25 ± 100.89 | 467.18 ± 116.26 a | 604.95 ± 152.03 b | 611.40 ± 135.64 b | 640.52 ± 176.28 b | 625.75 ± 110.44 b | 603.99 ± 115.20 b |
YKL-40 (ng/dL) | 39.66 ± 12.73 | 78.29 ± 27.62 a | 51.14 ± 18.77 b | 45.98 ± 17.46 b | 43.10 ± 16.86 b | 39.57 ± 15.15 b | 34.38 ± 13.14 b,c |
PDGF-BB (ng/mL) | 0.87 ± 0.36 | 1.31 ± 0.38 a | 1.12 ± 0.41 | 0.99 ± 0.33 b | 0.90 ± 0.29 b | 0.95 ± 0.34 b | 0.87 ± 0.33 b,c |
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Dąbkowska, K.; Wojdas, M.; Kuźnik-Trocha, K.; Wisowski, G.; Gruenpeter, A.; Komosińska-Vassev, K.; Olczyk, K.; Winsz-Szczotka, K. GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40 as Potential Markers of Cartilage Turnover in Blood of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Etanercept—Relationship with ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 5069. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175069
Dąbkowska K, Wojdas M, Kuźnik-Trocha K, Wisowski G, Gruenpeter A, Komosińska-Vassev K, Olczyk K, Winsz-Szczotka K. GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40 as Potential Markers of Cartilage Turnover in Blood of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Etanercept—Relationship with ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(17):5069. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175069
Chicago/Turabian StyleDąbkowska, Klaudia, Magdalena Wojdas, Kornelia Kuźnik-Trocha, Grzegorz Wisowski, Anna Gruenpeter, Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev, Krystyna Olczyk, and Katarzyna Winsz-Szczotka. 2022. "GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40 as Potential Markers of Cartilage Turnover in Blood of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Etanercept—Relationship with ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 17: 5069. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175069
APA StyleDąbkowska, K., Wojdas, M., Kuźnik-Trocha, K., Wisowski, G., Gruenpeter, A., Komosińska-Vassev, K., Olczyk, K., & Winsz-Szczotka, K. (2022). GAAGs, COMP, and YKL-40 as Potential Markers of Cartilage Turnover in Blood of Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Etanercept—Relationship with ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and PDGF-BB. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(17), 5069. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175069