Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Histopathological Comparison of the Frontal Hairline with Normal-Appearing Scalp
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n: 52 | Mean |
---|---|
Age (years) | 63.04 (SD 9.69) |
Age of menopause (years) | 50.5 (SD 3.61) |
Age of onset of the alopecia (years) | 58.42 (SD 10.17) |
Duration of the alopecia (months) | 55.58 (SD 37.63) |
Frequencies | |
Menopause | 88.5% (46/52) |
Pruritus | 71.2% (37/52) |
Trichodynia | 23.1% (12/52) |
Occipital involvement | 9.6% (5/52) |
Eyebrow alopecia | 86.5% (45/52) |
Facial papules | 21.2% (11/52) |
FFA severity grade: | |
Grade I | 5.8% (3/52) |
Grade II | 38.5% (20/52) |
Grade III | 36.5% (19/52) |
Grade IV | 11.5% (6/52) |
Grade V | 7.7% (4/52) |
Perifollicular erythema | 84.6% (44/52) |
Follicular hyperkeratosis | 88.5% (46/52) |
N52 | Mean (SD) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Follicular Count | Frontal Hairline (B1) | Healthy Scalp (B2) | p Value |
Total | 5.10 (2.77) | 7.79 (3.87) | <0.001 |
Terminal hairs | 4.25 (2.59) | 6.58 (3.48) | <0.001 |
Intermediate hairs | 0.38 (0.91) | 0.50 (1.16) | 0.479 |
Vellus hairs | 0.46 (0.85) | 0.71 (0.98) | 0.166 |
Anagen hairs | 4.67 (2.90) | 7.35 (3.80) | <0.001 |
Telogen hairs | 0.44 (0.67) | 0.44 (0.78) | 1.000 |
N52 | Frontal Hairline (B1) | Healthy Scalp (B2) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Inflammatory infiltrate (yes) | 92.3% (48/52) | 86.5% (45/52) | 0.508 |
Severity | |||
Mild | 35.4% (17/48) | 71.1% (32/45) | 0.013 |
Moderate | 60.4% (29/48) | 26.7% (12/45) | |
Severe | 4.2% (2/48) | 2.2% (1/45) | |
Specific location of the inflammatory infiltrate | |||
Sebaceous gland (yes) | 13.5% (7/52) | 5.8% (3/52) | 0.368 |
Dermis (general) (yes) | 88.5% (46/52) | 71.2% (37/52) | 0.035 |
Interfollicular dermis (yes) | 86.5% (45/52) | 71.2% (37/52) | 0.057 |
Superficial perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate | 86.4% (44/52) | 69.2% (36/52) | 0.039 |
Frontal Hairline (B1) | Healthy Scalp (B2) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Epithelial changes | |||
Corneum stratum changes (including hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis or both) (yes) | 11.5% (6/52) | 24.5% (12/49) | 0.180 |
Epidermal changes (specified below) (yes) | 17.3% (9/52) | 6.1% (3/49) | 0.07 |
Follicular epithelium changes (specified below) (yes) | 70.6% (36/51) | 48.1% (25/52) | 0.012 |
Interface dermatitis lichenoid in the upper part of the hair follicle | 23.5% (12/51) | 15.4% (8/52) | 0.125 |
Vacuolar degeneration basal layer outer root sheath | 64.7% (33/51) | 36.5% (19/52) | 0.001 |
Necrosis of keratinocytes outer root sheath | 43.1% (22/51) | 15.4% (8/52) | 0.001 |
Increased apoptotic activity in outer root sheath (more intense than the physiological grade commonly seen in any biopsy) | 45.1% (23/51) | 19.2% (10/52) | 0.001 |
Infundibular dilatation and infundibular hypergranulosis | 13.7% (7/51) | 7.7% (4/52) | 0.508 |
Fibrous tissular changes | 80.8% (42/52) | 53.8% (28/52) | 0.003 |
Perifollicular fibrosis | 71.2% (37/52) | 30.8% (16/52) | <0.001 |
Interfollicular dermal fibrosis | 53.8% (28/52) | 36.5% (19/52) | 0.122 |
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Porriño-Bustamante, M.L.; Pinedo-Moraleda, F.J.; Fernández-Flores, Á.; Montero-Vílchez, T.; Fernández-Pugnaire, M.A.; Arias-Santiago, S. Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Histopathological Comparison of the Frontal Hairline with Normal-Appearing Scalp. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 4121. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144121
Porriño-Bustamante ML, Pinedo-Moraleda FJ, Fernández-Flores Á, Montero-Vílchez T, Fernández-Pugnaire MA, Arias-Santiago S. Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Histopathological Comparison of the Frontal Hairline with Normal-Appearing Scalp. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(14):4121. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144121
Chicago/Turabian StylePorriño-Bustamante, María Librada, Fernando Javier Pinedo-Moraleda, Ángel Fernández-Flores, Trinidad Montero-Vílchez, María Antonia Fernández-Pugnaire, and Salvador Arias-Santiago. 2022. "Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Histopathological Comparison of the Frontal Hairline with Normal-Appearing Scalp" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14: 4121. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144121
APA StylePorriño-Bustamante, M. L., Pinedo-Moraleda, F. J., Fernández-Flores, Á., Montero-Vílchez, T., Fernández-Pugnaire, M. A., & Arias-Santiago, S. (2022). Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Histopathological Comparison of the Frontal Hairline with Normal-Appearing Scalp. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(14), 4121. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144121