Brain Natriuretic Peptide Biomarkers in Current Clinical and Therapeutic Scenarios of Heart Failure
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Variability of BNP and NT-proBNP Measurements
2.1. Measurement Variability
2.2. NT-proBNP and BNP: Serum Levels and Clinical Correlates
3. Natriuretic Peptides Defining Heart Failure Risk
4. Natriuretic Peptides in the Definition and Diagnosis of Heart Failure
5. Natriuretic Peptides for Stratifying Chronic Heart Failure Prognosis
6. Use of Natriuretic Peptides to Guide CHF Therapy
7. BNP and NT-proBNP in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Inpatient and Outpatient Utility
7.1. NPs during Admission for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)
7.2. NPs and Patient Monitoring after Discharge
8. Natriuretic Peptides and New Modifier Drugs
8.1. Recent Randomized Trials and NPs
8.2. Sacubitril/Valsartan and NT-proBNP/BNP Changes
8.3. SGLT2i and NP Changes
9. Current Guideline Recommendations Regarding the Use of BNP and NT-proBNP
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Patients (Age) | Therapeutic Target | NP Target | At Target (%) | Lower NP than Control | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BNP-guided | ||||||
STARS-BNP [42] | 220 (65) | <100 pg/mL | Low | 33 | Yes | Reduction in HF death and hospital stay |
Troughton [43] | 69 (70) | <200 pmol/L | Low | N.a. | Reduction in total cardiovascular events | |
NT-proBNP-guided | ||||||
BATTLESCARED [44] | 364 (76) | NT-proBNP increase 150 HF score > 2.0 | No | Minority | Yes | Improved one-year survival; improved 3-year survival in < 75 yrs |
TIME-CHF [45] | 499 (77) | NT-proBNP <400 (<75 yrs) <800 (>75 yrs) NYHA class II | No | 49 | Yes | No effect on HF hospitalization, only a positive trend |
NorthStarAdherence [46] | 921 | NT-proBNP 1000 for shift from primary care to HF clinic | - | - | - | No improvement in adherence |
PRISMA [47] | 345 (72) | Increase after discharge > 10% NT-proBNP > 850 | High | 80 | No | No effects on days of admission and HF hospitalization |
PROTECT [48] | 151 (63) | NT-proBNP < 1000 | Low | 44 | No | Decrease in events |
GUIDE-IT [49,50] | 1100 (75) | NT-proBNP < 1000 | No | N.a. | No | Decrease in events |
Trial (Treatment) | Main Inclusion Criteria | Main Exclusion Criteria | NT-proBNP/BNP Inclusion Criteria | Enrolled/Screened Patients (Excluded for NPs) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PARADIGM-HF (Sacubitril/Valsartan vs. Enalapril) |
|
| hHF (last 12 months) | 8442/10,513 (n.a.) | |||
Yes | No | ||||||
BNP | ≥100 | ≥150 | |||||
NT-proBNP | ≥400 | ≥600 | |||||
PARAGON-HF (Sacubitril/Valsartan vs. Valsartan) |
|
| NT-proBNP | hHF (last 12 months) | 4822/10,359 (n.a.) | ||
Yes | No | ||||||
SR | 200 | 300 | |||||
AF | 600 | 900 | |||||
DAPA-HF (Dapagliflozin vs. Placebo) |
|
| NT-proBNP hHF (last 12 months) | If AF | 4744/8134 (n.a.) | ||
Yes | No | ||||||
≥400 | ≥600 | ≥900 | |||||
EMPEROR-reduced |
|
| NT-proBNP | 3730/7220 (2603, 75%) | |||
LVEF | hHF (12 months) | ||||||
Rhythm | Yes | No | |||||
36–40% | SR AF | ≥600 ≥1200 | ≥2500 ≥5000 | ||||
31–35% | SR AF | ≥ 600 ≥1200 | ≥1000 ≥2000 | ||||
≤30% | SR AF | ≥600 ≥1200 | ≥600 ≥1200 | ||||
EMPEROR-preserved |
|
| SR | AF | 5988/11,583 (4353, 78%) | ||
NT-proBNP | >300 | >900 | |||||
SOLOIST (Sotaglifozin vs. Placebo) |
|
| BNP | SR AF | ≥150 ≥450 | 1222/1549 (85, 26%) | |
NT-proBNP | SR AF | ≥600 ≥1800 | |||||
VICTORIA-HF Vericiguat vs. Placebo |
|
| BNP | SR AF | ≥300 ≥500 | 5050/6857 (1078, 70%) | |
NT-proBNP | SR AF | ≥1000 ≥1600 | |||||
GALACTIC-HF Omecamtiv Mecarbil vs. Placebo |
|
| BNP | SR AF | ≥125 ≥375 | 8256/11,421 (1467, 46%) | |
NT-proBNP | SR AF | ≥400 ≥1200 | |||||
AFFIRM-HF Ferric Carboxymaltose vs. Placebo |
| BNP | SR AF | ≥400 ≥600 | 1132/1525 (n.a.) | ||
NT-proBNP | SR AF | ≥1200 >2400 |
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Alcidi, G.; Goffredo, G.; Correale, M.; Brunetti, N.D.; Iacoviello, M. Brain Natriuretic Peptide Biomarkers in Current Clinical and Therapeutic Scenarios of Heart Failure. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 3192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113192
Alcidi G, Goffredo G, Correale M, Brunetti ND, Iacoviello M. Brain Natriuretic Peptide Biomarkers in Current Clinical and Therapeutic Scenarios of Heart Failure. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(11):3192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113192
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlcidi, Gianmarco, Giovanni Goffredo, Michele Correale, Natale Daniele Brunetti, and Massimo Iacoviello. 2022. "Brain Natriuretic Peptide Biomarkers in Current Clinical and Therapeutic Scenarios of Heart Failure" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 11: 3192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113192
APA StyleAlcidi, G., Goffredo, G., Correale, M., Brunetti, N. D., & Iacoviello, M. (2022). Brain Natriuretic Peptide Biomarkers in Current Clinical and Therapeutic Scenarios of Heart Failure. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(11), 3192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113192