A Randomised-Controlled Clinical Study Examining the Effect of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on the Management of Painful Calcaneal Spur with Plantar Fasciitis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Randomization
2.3. Participants
- (1)
- Chronic nature of the condition in question (at least six months of symptom manifestations);
- (2)
- Persistent pain of plantar fasciitis physical examination:
- a.
- Pain reproduced by palpating the plantar medial calcaneal tubercle at the site of the plantar fascial insertion on the heel bone,
- b.
- Pain reproduced with passive dorsiflexion of the foot and toes, and
- c.
- Windlass test—passive dorsiflexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint—test to provoke symptoms at the plantar fascia by creating maximal stretch), positive test if pain is reproduced); and
- (3)
- A current X-ray image of the foot (heel spur).
2.4. Treatment
2.5. Measurements
2.6. Sample Size
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Study Group (n = 30) | Control Group (n = 30) | p-Value | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | ||||
Age (year) | 59.9 | 59.5 | 33.0 | 78.0 | 52.0 | 67.0 | 10.1 | 60.4 | 61.0 | 44.0 | 84.0 | 48.0 | 65.0 | 11.9 | 0.87 * |
Weight (kg) | 79.5 | 79.5 | 54.0 | 108 | 67.0 | 90.0 | 15.2 | 79.9 | 80.0 | 53.0 | 105 | 72.0 | 90.0 | 13.4 | 0.92 * |
Height (cm) | 171.1 | 170 | 159 | 187 | 164 | 178 | 7.7 | 167.8 | 167 | 152 | 188 | 160 | 175 | 10.1 | 0.20 * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 | 25.9 | 18.7 | 37.6 | 23.3 | 29.7 | 4.9 | 28.5 | 27.7 | 20.9 | 39.0 | 24.5 | 30.9 | 4.8 | 0.43 ** |
Sex | F—n = 19; 63.3% M—n = 11; 36.7% | F—n = 17; 56.7% M—n = 13; 43.3% | 0.70 *** | ||||||||||||
Studied limb | L—n = 14; 46.7% R—n = 16; 53.3% | L—n = 16; 53.3% R—n = 14; 46.7% | 0.68 *** |
Variable | Measurement | Study Group (n = 30) | Control Group (n = 30) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | ||||
VAS (pts) | M1 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 1.4 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 2.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 2.0 |
M2 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | |
M3 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 2.2 | |
M4 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 2.4 | |
p-value * | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||||||
p-value ** | M1 vs. M2: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M3: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M4: p < 0.001 M2 vs. M3: p = 1.00 M2 vs. M4: p = 1.00 M3 vs. M4: p = 1.00 | M1 vs. M2: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M3: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M4: p < 0.001 M2 vs. M3: p = 1.00 M2 vs. M4: p = 1.00 M3 vs. M4: p = 1.00 |
Variable | Measurement | Study Group (n = 30) | Control Group (n = 30) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | Me | Min | Max | Q1 | Q3 | SD | ||||
LPS (pts) | M1 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 2.0 | 11.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | 2.1 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 9.0 | 2.0 |
M2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 7.0 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 2.0 | |
M3 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 7.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 2.1 | |
M4 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 2.6 | |
p-value * | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||||||||||||
p-value ** | M1 vs. M2: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M3: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M4: p < 0.001 M2 vs. M3: p = 1.00 M2 vs. M4: p = 1.00 M3 vs. M4: p = 1.00 | M1 vs. M2: p = 0.002 M1 vs. M3: p < 0.001 M1 vs. M4: p < 0.001 M2 vs. M3: p = 1.00 M2 vs. M4: p = 1.00 M3 vs. M4: p = 1.00 |
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Tkocz, P.; Matusz, T.; Kosowski, Ł.; Walewicz, K.; Argier, Ł.; Kuszewski, M.; Hagner-Derengowska, M.; Ptaszkowski, K.; Dymarek, R.; Taradaj, J. A Randomised-Controlled Clinical Study Examining the Effect of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on the Management of Painful Calcaneal Spur with Plantar Fasciitis. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214891
Tkocz P, Matusz T, Kosowski Ł, Walewicz K, Argier Ł, Kuszewski M, Hagner-Derengowska M, Ptaszkowski K, Dymarek R, Taradaj J. A Randomised-Controlled Clinical Study Examining the Effect of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on the Management of Painful Calcaneal Spur with Plantar Fasciitis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(21):4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214891
Chicago/Turabian StyleTkocz, Piotr, Tomasz Matusz, Łukasz Kosowski, Karolina Walewicz, Łukasz Argier, Michał Kuszewski, Magdalena Hagner-Derengowska, Kuba Ptaszkowski, Robert Dymarek, and Jakub Taradaj. 2021. "A Randomised-Controlled Clinical Study Examining the Effect of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on the Management of Painful Calcaneal Spur with Plantar Fasciitis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 21: 4891. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214891