The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Overview of the Prognostic and Predictive Tissue Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer
1.2. A Brief Introduction to Liquid Biopsy
2. The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer in the Early Detection of Metastatic Disease
3. The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Disease Monitoring
3.1. Liquid Biopsy in Response Monitoring or Detection of Resistance Mechanisms to Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy
3.2. Liquid Biopsy in Response Monitoring or Detection of Resistance Mechanisms to Immunotherapy
4. Ongoing Clinical Trials Using Liquid Biopsy Approaches for Gastric Cancer
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Setting | Study Type (NCT Number and Trial Name) | Liquid Biopsy Approach | Estimated Enrollment | Primary Objectives | Estimated Primary Completion Date 1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early stage | Prospective cohort (NCT04665687) | ctDNA | 1730 | To differentiate early gastric cancer and precancerous adenoma and predict recurrence by finding biomarkers through molecular profiling | December 2022 |
Neoadjuvant | Phase II (NCT03957564) | ctDNA, CTCs, and cfDNA | 40 | To evaluate CTC numbers/types, ctDNA mutation rate, cfDNA concentration and tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery for resectable or locally advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction cancer patients | May 2024 |
Adjuvant | Phase II trial (NCT04510285) | ctDNA | 48 | To evaluate differences in 6-month ctDNA clearance rate in HER2+ esophagogastric cancer with persistent ctDNA following curative surgery when treated with “second adjuvant” trastuzumab with or without pembrolizumab | August 2022 |
Adjuvant and recurrence detection | Prospective cohort (NCT04000425) | ctDNA | 55 | To evaluate the role of ctDNA clearance during adjuvant chemotherapy (among patients with detectable ctDNA), and to define risk of recurrence in patients with newly detected positive ctDNA after radical gastrectomy | May 2021 |
Recurrence detection | Prospective cohort (NCT02887612) | ctDNA | 200 | To evaluate the positive predictive value of serum ctDNA positivity in the prediction of relapse after surgery in early and intermediate stage gastric cancer | June 2020 |
Advanced | Phase III trial (NCT03023436) | ctDNA and CTCs | 220 | To assess of ctDNA and CTC alterations as potential biomarkers for debulking surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal dissemination (as a secondary outcome measure) | June 2022 |
Advanced | Phase II (NCT04168931 GASTHER2) | CTCs | 85 | To investigate whether HER2-expressing CTCs may be suitable for prediction of response in patients with relapsed or metastatic gastric cancer who are histologically HER2-negative and treated with trastuzumab combination chemotherapy | January 2025 |
Advanced | Prospective cohort (NCT04053725) | ctDNA | 200 | To investigate the predictive dynamics of ctDNA mutation changes during immune-checkpoint blockade of gastric cancer patients | November 2021 |
All settings (from neoadjuvant to advanced) | Prospective cohort (NCT04576858 CURE) | ctDNA | 1950 | Prediction of prognosis and therapy response | July 2025 |
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Lengyel, C.G.; Hussain, S.; Trapani, D.; El Bairi, K.; Altuna, S.C.; Seeber, A.; Odhiambo, A.; Habeeb, B.S.; Seid, F. The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102108
Lengyel CG, Hussain S, Trapani D, El Bairi K, Altuna SC, Seeber A, Odhiambo A, Habeeb BS, Seid F. The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(10):2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102108
Chicago/Turabian StyleLengyel, Csongor György, Sadaqat Hussain, Dario Trapani, Khalid El Bairi, Sara Cecilia Altuna, Andreas Seeber, Andrew Odhiambo, Baker Shalal Habeeb, and Fahmi Seid. 2021. "The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Gastric Cancer" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10: 2108. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102108