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Volume 13
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10.3390/membranes13020239
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Article

High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application

by
Chaoting Zhu
1,*,
Danling Ye
1,
Tianqi Zhou
1,
Yashuang Cui
1 and
Jianbing Yin
2,*
1
Institute of Medical Instruments, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315201, China
2
Center for Medical Device Adverse Events Monitoring of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Medical Products Administration, Hangzhou 310009, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020239
Submission received: 8 January 2023 / Revised: 3 February 2023 / Accepted: 6 February 2023 / Published: 17 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Membrane Technology in Foods and Natural Products)
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Abstract

Thin films of gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), with a thickness of around fifty nanometers were deposited on bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) substrates by radio-frequency sputtering. By optimizing the Ga concentration in the target, the optics, water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties of PEF/GZO composite films can be adjusted. The highest visible light transmittance of the samples was around 85.1%. Furthermore, by introducing some GZO films with typical concentrations, the water vapor barrier and antibacterial properties of PEF films were improved. The optimized water vapor permeability of PEF/GZO composite film was 5.3 × 10−12 g·m/m2·s·Pa, and the highest antibacterial rate can reach 99.85% after 4 h. By XPS analysis, the antibacterial mechanism in the samples is envisaged to be mainly due cytotoxicity of Ga ions. The above results indicate that PEF/GZO films have great potential in the field of antibacterial food packaging.
Keywords: GZO thin films; poly(ethylene furanoate); antimicrobial properties GZO thin films; poly(ethylene furanoate); antimicrobial properties
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhu, C.; Ye, D.; Zhou, T.; Cui, Y.; Yin, J. High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application. Membranes 2023, 13, 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020239

AMA Style

Zhu C, Ye D, Zhou T, Cui Y, Yin J. High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application. Membranes. 2023; 13(2):239. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020239

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhu, Chaoting, Danling Ye, Tianqi Zhou, Yashuang Cui, and Jianbing Yin. 2023. "High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application" Membranes 13, no. 2: 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020239

APA Style

Zhu, C., Ye, D., Zhou, T., Cui, Y., & Yin, J. (2023). High-Antimicrobial Gallium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films on Bio-Based Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Substrates for Food Packaging Application. Membranes, 13(2), 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020239

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