Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Ethics Statement
2.2. ILTV Virus
2.3. Vaccine and Vaccine Titration
2.4. Experimental Design
2.5. Serology
2.6. DNA Extraction and Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) Assay
2.7. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) Isolation
2.8. Staining for Flow Cytometry Analysis
2.9. Histology
2.10. Data and Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. HVT Genome Loads
3.2. Percentages of Remaining Animals Following Euthanasia of Chickens Reaching Humane Endpoint
3.3. Clinical Signs
3.4. Bodyweight
3.5. ILTV Genome Loads
3.5.1. ILTV Genome Loads in Oropharyngeal Swabs
3.5.2. ILTV Genome Loads in Cloacal Swabs
3.5.3. ILTV Genome Loads in Feather Tips
3.5.4. ILTV Genome Loads in Trachea and Lungs
3.6. Peripheral Blood CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells
3.7. Anti-ILTV Antibody Response
3.8. Histology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | n | Vaccination (1 Day of Age) | ILTV Infection (3 Weeks of Age) |
---|---|---|---|
MV-MI 1 | 11 | 0.2 mL of vaccine diluent | 0.2 mL of PBS |
V-MI 2 | 11 | 0.2 mL of Innovax® ILT vaccine | 0.2 mL of PBS |
V-I 3 | 11 | 0.2 mL of Innovax® ILT vaccine | 0.2 mL of AB-S63 ILTV |
MV-I ⁴ | 11 | 0.2 mL of vaccine diluent | 0.2 mL of AB-S63 ILTV |
Microscopic Lesions | MV-I 1 | V-I 2 | V-MI 3 | MV-MI 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lamina epithelialis and intratracheal lumen: | ||||
Necrotic desquamated epithelial cells and deciliation | 8/11 | 3/11 | 1/11 | 0/11 |
Cellular exudate (heterophils, necrotic epithelium, erythrocytes) | 3/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 |
Fibrinohemorrhagic exudate | 2/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 |
Eosinophilic intra nuclear viral inclusions | 2/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 |
Lamina propria: | ||||
Mononuclear cell infiltration | 8/11 | 2/11 | 3/11 | 0/11 |
Hyperemia | 3/11 | 1/11 | 2/11 | 1/11 |
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Barboza-Solis, C.; Najimudeen, S.M.; Perez-Contreras, A.; Ali, A.; Joseph, T.; King, R.; Ravi, M.; Peters, D.; Fonseca, K.; Gagnon, C.A.; et al. Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection. Vaccines 2021, 9, 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121425
Barboza-Solis C, Najimudeen SM, Perez-Contreras A, Ali A, Joseph T, King R, Ravi M, Peters D, Fonseca K, Gagnon CA, et al. Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection. Vaccines. 2021; 9(12):1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121425
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarboza-Solis, Catalina, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Ana Perez-Contreras, Ahmed Ali, Tomy Joseph, Robin King, Madhu Ravi, Delores Peters, Kevin Fonseca, Carl A. Gagnon, and et al. 2021. "Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection" Vaccines 9, no. 12: 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121425
APA StyleBarboza-Solis, C., Najimudeen, S. M., Perez-Contreras, A., Ali, A., Joseph, T., King, R., Ravi, M., Peters, D., Fonseca, K., Gagnon, C. A., van der Meer, F., & Abdul-Careem, M. F. (2021). Evaluation of Recombinant Herpesvirus of Turkey Laryngotracheitis (rHVT-LT) Vaccine against Genotype VI Canadian Wild-Type Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Infection. Vaccines, 9(12), 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121425