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Article

Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring

by
Fan Yang
1,2,
Zixiang Zhu
2,
Huanan Liu
2,
Weijun Cao
2,
Wei Zhang
2,
Ting Wei
2,
Min Zheng
2,
Keshan Zhang
2,
Hong Tian
2,
Qiaoying Zeng
1,
Xuepeng Cai
1,* and
Haixue Zheng
2,*
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2021, 9(10), 1066; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101066
Submission received: 5 August 2021 / Revised: 14 September 2021 / Accepted: 18 September 2021 / Published: 24 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Swine Vaccines and Vaccinology)
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Abstract

Senecavirus A (SVA) is a newly porcine virus that has been detected in many countries since its first detection in pigs in Canada in 2007, and it remains endemic in many countries in Asia and America, which has become a substantial problem for the pig industry. Vaccination is a potentially effective strategy for the prevention and control of SVA infection. Our lab has developed a SVA vaccine candidate previously. In this study, the antibody response to the prepared vaccine in sows and their offspring was evaluated. Vaccination of sows with inactivated SVA vaccines during pregnancy elicited SVA-specific virus-neutralizing antibodies. Vaccination with a high dose of SVA vaccine followed a booster immunization contributed to a long-term duration of the persistence of maternally derived neutralizing antibodies (MDAs) in the milk of the sows (>14 days). In contrast, vaccination with a single low dose of SVA vaccine resulted in a short-term persistence of MDAs in the milk (2–7 days). The MDAs could be efficiently transferred from the sows to their offspring through the colostrum/milk but not the umbilical cord blood. The antibody titers and the duration of the persistence of MDAs in the offspring are highly associated with the antibody levels in the milk from the sows. Vaccination of sows with a booster dose of SVA vaccine resulted in a longer-lasting MDAs in their offspring (persisted for at least 90 days). However, vaccination with the single low dose of vaccine only brought about 42 days of MDAs persistence in their offspring. The effect of MDAs on active immunization with SVA vaccine in offspring was further evaluated, which showed that vaccination of the SVA vaccine in the presence of MDAs at the titer of ≈1:64 or less could overcome the MDAs’ interference and give rise to effective antibody response. This will help for establishing the optimal times and schedules for SVA vaccination in pigs.
Keywords: Senecavirus A; vaccine; maternal antibody; immunization schedule; antibody persistence Senecavirus A; vaccine; maternal antibody; immunization schedule; antibody persistence

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, F.; Zhu, Z.; Liu, H.; Cao, W.; Zhang, W.; Wei, T.; Zheng, M.; Zhang, K.; Tian, H.; Zeng, Q.; et al. Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring. Vaccines 2021, 9, 1066. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101066

AMA Style

Yang F, Zhu Z, Liu H, Cao W, Zhang W, Wei T, Zheng M, Zhang K, Tian H, Zeng Q, et al. Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring. Vaccines. 2021; 9(10):1066. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101066

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Fan, Zixiang Zhu, Huanan Liu, Weijun Cao, Wei Zhang, Ting Wei, Min Zheng, Keshan Zhang, Hong Tian, Qiaoying Zeng, and et al. 2021. "Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring" Vaccines 9, no. 10: 1066. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101066

APA Style

Yang, F., Zhu, Z., Liu, H., Cao, W., Zhang, W., Wei, T., Zheng, M., Zhang, K., Tian, H., Zeng, Q., Cai, X., & Zheng, H. (2021). Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring. Vaccines, 9(10), 1066. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101066

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