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A Pool of Eight Virally Vectored African Swine Fever Antigens Protect Pigs Against Fatal Disease
by
Lynnette C. Goatley 1, Ana Luisa Reis 1, Raquel Portugal 1, Hannah Goldswain 1, Gareth L. Shimmon 1, Zoe Hargreaves 1, Chak-Sum Ho 2, María Montoya 1,‡
, Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón 1,†, Geraldine Taylor 1, Linda K. Dixon 1 and Christopher L. Netherton 1,*
Lynnette C. Goatley 1, Ana Luisa Reis 1, Raquel Portugal 1, Hannah Goldswain 1, Gareth L. Shimmon 1, Zoe Hargreaves 1, Chak-Sum Ho 2, María Montoya 1,‡, Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón 1,†, Geraldine Taylor 1, Linda K. Dixon 1 and Christopher L. Netherton 1,*
1
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
2
Gift of Hope Organ and Tissue Donor Network, Itasca, IL 60143, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Present Address: Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
‡
Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
Vaccines 2020, 8(2), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020234
Received: 8 April 2020 / Revised: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 / Published: 18 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue African Swine Fever Virus Prevention and Control)
Classical approaches to African swine fever virus (ASFV) vaccine development have not been successful; inactivated virus does not provide protection and use of live attenuated viruses generated by passage in tissue culture had a poor safety profile. Current African swine fever (ASF) vaccine research focuses on the development of modified live viruses by targeted gene deletion or subunit vaccines. The latter approach would be differentiation of vaccinated from infected animals (DIVA)-compliant, but information on which viral proteins to include in a subunit vaccine is lacking. Our previous work used DNA-prime/vaccinia-virus boost to screen 40 ASFV genes for immunogenicity, however this immunization regime did not protect animals after challenge. Here we describe the induction of both antigen and ASFV-specific antibody and cellular immune responses by different viral-vectored pools of antigens selected based on their immunogenicity in pigs. Immunization with one of these pools, comprising eight viral-vectored ASFV genes, protected 100% of pigs from fatal disease after challenge with a normally lethal dose of virulent ASFV. This data provide the basis for the further development of a subunit vaccine against this devastating disease.
Keywords:
African swine fever virus; viral-vector; adenovirus; modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA); vaccine; pathology
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style
Goatley, L.C.; Reis, A.L.; Portugal, R.; Goldswain, H.; Shimmon, G.L.; Hargreaves, Z.; Ho, C.-S.; Montoya, M.; Sánchez-Cordón, P.J.; Taylor, G.; Dixon, L.K.; Netherton, C.L. A Pool of Eight Virally Vectored African Swine Fever Antigens Protect Pigs Against Fatal Disease. Vaccines 2020, 8, 234.
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