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Volume 14
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Correction to Vaccines 2025, 13(10), 1017.
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Correction

Correction: Chang et al. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017

by
Hooi Yee Chang
1,
Han Kang Tee
2,
Kien Chai Ong
3,
Kartini Jasni
4,
Syahril Abdullah
5,6,
I.-Ching Sam
1 and
Yoke Fun Chan
1,*
1
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
2
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
3
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
4
Comparative Medicine and Technology Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
5
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
6
Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2026, 14(2), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020137
Submission received: 29 December 2025 / Accepted: 26 January 2026 / Published: 29 January 2026
Browse Figure
Versions Notes
In the original publication [1], there was a mistake in Figure 2. The names of all the chimeras, Chi-CCE, Chi-ECE, Chi-EEC, and Ch-CEC, are wrong and have been corrected in Figure 2A,B. The correct Figure 2 and legend appear below.
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

  1. Chang, H.Y.; Tee, H.K.; Ong, K.C.; Jasni, K.; Abdullah, S.; Sam, I.-C.; Chan, Y.F. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Vaccines 14 00137 g002
Figure 2. Virulence of chimeric viruses in mice. (A) Diagram illustrating the in vivo experimental design used to assess chimeric virus virulence. (B) Mean body weight, clinical score, and survival rate of infected mice were monitored, with the number of mice indicated as n. Chimeric virus-infected mice were compared with PBS-inoculated mice. (C) Viral titration (log10 TCID50/mL) using TCID50 assay and virus RNA load (log10 copies/µL) using real-time qPCR in brains and limbs. The data are presented as mean ± SD (n > 2). Viral titre and viral RNA load in Chi-CCE-infected mice were compared with CVA16-infected mice. (D) H&E staining and IHC analysis for PBS-inoculated, CVA16-infected, and Chi-CCE-infected mice. Arrowheads indicate inflammatory cell infiltrates, while arrows indicate viral antigens. Scale bar: 50 µm. Magnification: 10× and 40× (small box). (E) The concentrations of cytokines including IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in the sample supernatants were measured by ELISA. Dotted lines indicate limit of detection for the ELISA. Results are presented as mean ± SD (n = 2). Statistically significant differences after Bonferroni correction are denoted with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, and no significant (ns).
Figure 2. Virulence of chimeric viruses in mice. (A) Diagram illustrating the in vivo experimental design used to assess chimeric virus virulence. (B) Mean body weight, clinical score, and survival rate of infected mice were monitored, with the number of mice indicated as n. Chimeric virus-infected mice were compared with PBS-inoculated mice. (C) Viral titration (log10 TCID50/mL) using TCID50 assay and virus RNA load (log10 copies/µL) using real-time qPCR in brains and limbs. The data are presented as mean ± SD (n > 2). Viral titre and viral RNA load in Chi-CCE-infected mice were compared with CVA16-infected mice. (D) H&E staining and IHC analysis for PBS-inoculated, CVA16-infected, and Chi-CCE-infected mice. Arrowheads indicate inflammatory cell infiltrates, while arrows indicate viral antigens. Scale bar: 50 µm. Magnification: 10× and 40× (small box). (E) The concentrations of cytokines including IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in the sample supernatants were measured by ELISA. Dotted lines indicate limit of detection for the ELISA. Results are presented as mean ± SD (n = 2). Statistically significant differences after Bonferroni correction are denoted with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, and no significant (ns).
Vaccines 14 00137 g002
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MDPI and ACS Style

Chang, H.Y.; Tee, H.K.; Ong, K.C.; Jasni, K.; Abdullah, S.; Sam, I.-C.; Chan, Y.F. Correction: Chang et al. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017. Vaccines 2026, 14, 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020137

AMA Style

Chang HY, Tee HK, Ong KC, Jasni K, Abdullah S, Sam I-C, Chan YF. Correction: Chang et al. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017. Vaccines. 2026; 14(2):137. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020137

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chang, Hooi Yee, Han Kang Tee, Kien Chai Ong, Kartini Jasni, Syahril Abdullah, I.-Ching Sam, and Yoke Fun Chan. 2026. "Correction: Chang et al. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017" Vaccines 14, no. 2: 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020137

APA Style

Chang, H. Y., Tee, H. K., Ong, K. C., Jasni, K., Abdullah, S., Sam, I.-C., & Chan, Y. F. (2026). Correction: Chang et al. Intertypic Recombination Between Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus A71 Structural and Non-Structural Genes Modulates Virulence and Protection Efficacy. Vaccines 2025, 13, 1017. Vaccines, 14(2), 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020137

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