Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Specimen Collection
2.4. Laboratory Analysis
3. Results
- A 59-year-old male patient, a smoker with chronic respiratory disease. He had received two doses of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and one Pfizer booster. He was positive for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in week 12 of 2022 (21 March 2022). His last vaccination against COVID-19 had been on 8 November 2021.
- A 23-year-old female patient with diabetes, vaccinated against COVID-19 with 2 doses of the Pfizer vaccine. She was positive by real-time PCR for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in week 9 of 2022 (3 March 2022). Her last vaccination against COVID-19 had been on 27 November 2021. She had also had COVID-19 a year earlier.
- A 28-year-old male patient with severe obesity. He had received 2 doses of the Pfizer vaccine against COVID-19. He was positive by real-time PCR for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in week 9 of 2022 (6 March 2022). His last vaccination against COVID-19 had been on 17 January 2022, and the first on 18 October 2021. He had also had COVID-19 a year earlier.
- A 58-year-old man with diabetes proved positive for HCoV229E. He had been vaccinated against COVID-19 with 2 doses of the Pfizer vaccine and tested positive 6 months after the second dose.
- A 94-year-old woman with 4 different chronic diseases who had received 3 doses of the Pfizer vaccine tested positive for HCoVOC43 and SARS-CoV-2 3 months after her last vaccination.
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chronic Disease | N° (%) | CI 95% |
---|---|---|
Cardiovascular disease | 82 (64) | 54.7–71.9 |
Lung disease | 47 (36) | 28.1–45.4 |
Diabetes | 39 (30) | 22.5–39 |
Dementia | 17 (13) | 7.9–2 |
Kidney disease | 12 (9) | 4.9–15.7 |
Rheumatologic disease | 9 (7) | 3.2–12.9 |
Cancer | 7 (5) | 2.2–10.9 |
Obesity | 5 (4) | 1.2–8.8 |
Anemia | 3 (2) | 0.5–6.7 |
Stroke | 3 (2) | 0.5–6.7 |
Liver disease | 2 (2) | 0.2–5 |
Median Age | 76 years | ||
Range | 18–101 | ||
Gender | N (%) | CI 95% | |
Males | 61 (47) | 38.44–56.26 | |
Females | 68 (53) | 43.7–61.6 | |
Respiratory symptom | N (%) | CI 95% | |
Cough | 109 (84) | 77–90 | |
Breathing difficulties | 90 (70) | 61–77.5 | |
Sore throat | 33 (26) | 18.3–34 | |
Systemic symptom | N (%) | CI 95% | |
Fever | 122 (95) | 89.14–97.8 | |
Malaise | 122 (95) | 89.14–97.8 | |
Abrupt onset | 118 (91) | 85.25–95.7 | |
Headaches | 94 (73) | 64.34–80 | |
Myalgia | 90 (70) | 61–77.5 | |
Deterioration | 32 (25) | 17.63–33.18 | |
COVID-19 vaccination | N (%) | CI 95% | |
Total | 105 (81,4) | 73.6–87.7 | |
1 dose | 9 (8.5) | 4–15 | |
2 doses | 28 (26.7) | 18.51–36 | |
3 doses | 68 (64.8) | 54.9–73.84 | |
Unvaccinated | 24 (18.6) | 12.3–26 | |
Influenza vaccination | N (%) | IC 95% | |
Total | 52 (40.3) | 31.8–49.3 | |
Fluad Tetra | 30 (57.7) | 43.2–71.2 | |
Fluarix Tetra | 13 (25) | 14–39 | |
Efluelda | 9 (17.3) | 0.8–3 |
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Share and Cite
Milano, G.; Capitani, E.; Camarri, A.; Bova, G.; Capecchi, P.L.; Lazzeri, G.; Lipari, D.; Montomoli, E.; Manini, I. Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy. Vaccines 2023, 11, 776. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040776
Milano G, Capitani E, Camarri A, Bova G, Capecchi PL, Lazzeri G, Lipari D, Montomoli E, Manini I. Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy. Vaccines. 2023; 11(4):776. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040776
Chicago/Turabian StyleMilano, Giovanna, Elena Capitani, Andrea Camarri, Giovanni Bova, Pier Leopoldo Capecchi, Giacomo Lazzeri, Dario Lipari, Emanuele Montomoli, and Ilaria Manini. 2023. "Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy" Vaccines 11, no. 4: 776. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040776