A Latent Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Trusted Sources of Information among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in South Florida
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Participant Demographics
3.2. Latent Profile Analysis
3.3. Regression Analysis and Inferential Statistics
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Site 1 | Site 2 | Combined | Miami–Dade County |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 152) | (n = 127) | (N = 279) | Census 1 | |
Vaccinated * 2 | 110 (72.4%) | 76 (59.8%) | 186 (66.7%) | 79% |
Not vaccinated | 42 (27.6%) | 51 (40.2%) | 93 (33.3%) | 21% |
Age | M = 40.6 | M = 40.8 | M = 40.7 | M = 40.5 |
SD = 15.4 | SD = 14.2 | SD = 14.8 | ||
18–82 | 18–80 | 18–82 | ||
Gender | ||||
Female | 103 (68.2%) | 89 (70.6%) | 192 (69.3%) | 51.42% |
Male | 47 (31.1%) | 36 (28.6%) | 83 (30%) | 48.58% |
Nonbinary, genderqueer, or genderfluid | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (0.7%) | |
Race | ||||
White | 104 (68.4%) | 77 (60.6%) | 181 (64.9%) | 75.8% |
Black or African American * | 30 (19.7%) | 40 (31.5%) | 70 (25.1%) | 16.42% |
Asian | 8 (5.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | 11 (3.9%) | 1.53% |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | 0.21% |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0.02% |
Prefer not to answer | 7 (4.6%) | 8 (6.3%) | 15 (5.4%) | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic or Latino | 102 (68%) | 71 (57.7%) | 173 (63.4%) | 71.51% |
Race & Ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic or Latino & Black or African American | 8 (5.3%) | 2 (1.6%) | 10 (3.7%) | |
Hispanic or Latino & American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | |
Hispanic or Latino & Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | |
Sexual Orientation | ||||
Bisexual | 7 (4.8%) | 1 (0.8%) | 8 (3%) | |
Gay | 7 (4.8%) | 2 (1.6%) | 9 (3.3%) | |
Lesbian | 2 (1.4%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | |
Straight | 127 (87.6%) | 120 (95.2%) | 247 (91.1%) | |
Other | 2 (1.4%) | 2 (1.6%) | 4 (1.5%) | |
Born in the U.S. | ||||
Yes | 83 (57.6%) | 70 (57.4%) | 153 (57.5%) | 45.4% |
English as first language | ||||
No | 47 (31.3%) | 35 (28.5%) | 82 (30%) | 77% |
Educational level | ||||
Less than high school | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.4%) | 9.39% |
Some high school | 2 (1.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | 5 (1.8%) | 8.43% |
High school graduate or GED | 32 (21.3%) | 27 (21.6%) | 59 (21.5%) | 27.31% |
Associates or technical degree | 28 (18.7%) | 21 (16.8%) | 49 (17.8%) | 9.40% |
Bachelor’s degree | 54 (36%) | 45 (36%) | 99 (36%) | 19.32% |
Graduate degree | 34 (22.7%) | 28 (22.4%) | 62 (22.5%) | 8.29% |
Employment status | ||||
Working for pay—part time | 34 (22.4%) | 25 (19.7%) | 59 (21.1%) | |
Working for pay—full time * | 72 (47.4%) | 75 (59.1%) | 147 (52.7%) | |
Working without pay * | 4 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.4%) | |
On leave | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.4%) | |
Unemployed and looking for a job | 12 (7.9%) | 7 (5.5%) | 19 (6.8%) | |
Unemployed and not looking for a job | 2 (1.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | 5 (1.8%) | |
Retired | 5 (3.3%) | 4 (3.1%) | 9 (3.2%) | |
Staying at home, taking care of the home or others | 8 (5.3%) | 7 (5.5%) | 15 (5.4%) | |
Not able to work because of disability | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | |
Going to school | 23 (15.1%) | 16 (12.6%) | 39 (14%) | |
Other | 4 (2.6%) | 2 (1.6%) | 6 (2.2%) |
Covariate | Value | p | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|
Site | 12.39 | 0.002 | 0.2 |
Age | 1.67 | 0.2 | 0.006 |
U.S. Born | 0.82 | 0.67 | 0.06 |
Gender | 16.54 | 0.002 | 0.17 |
Sexual Orientation | 13.51 | 0.1 | 0.16 |
Hispanic/Latino | 5.32 | 0.07 | 0.14 |
White | 0.533 | 0.77 | 0.04 |
Black or African American | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.05 |
Asian | 3.94 | 0.14 | 0.12 |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.05 |
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 2.5 | 0.29 | 0.1 |
Educational level | 2.57 | 0.99 | 0.07 |
Income | 8.89 | 0.84 | 0.14 |
Full-time employment | 3.31 | 0.19 | 0.11 |
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Langwerden, R.J.; Wagner, E.F.; Hospital, M.M.; Morris, S.L.; Cueto, V.; Carrasquillo, O.; Charles, S.C.; Perez, K.R.; Contreras-Pérez, M.E.; Campa, A.L. A Latent Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Trusted Sources of Information among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in South Florida. Vaccines 2022, 10, 545. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040545
Langwerden RJ, Wagner EF, Hospital MM, Morris SL, Cueto V, Carrasquillo O, Charles SC, Perez KR, Contreras-Pérez ME, Campa AL. A Latent Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Trusted Sources of Information among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in South Florida. Vaccines. 2022; 10(4):545. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040545
Chicago/Turabian StyleLangwerden, Robbert J., Eric F. Wagner, Michelle M. Hospital, Staci L. Morris, Victor Cueto, Olveen Carrasquillo, Sara C. Charles, Katherine R. Perez, María Eugenia Contreras-Pérez, and Adriana L. Campa. 2022. "A Latent Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Trusted Sources of Information among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in South Florida" Vaccines 10, no. 4: 545. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040545