Gender Differences in Knowledge and Attitude towards HPV and HPV Vaccine among College Students in Wenzhou, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics of all Participants
3.2. Knowledge of HPV and HPV Vaccine
3.3. HPV Vaccination Intention
3.4. Factors Associated with the Willingness to Receive HPV Vaccination
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Frequency (n) | Percent (%) |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | 628 | 62.7 |
Male | 374 | 37.3 |
Age (years) | ||
<20 years | 223 | 22.3 |
20–23 years | 686 | 68.5 |
≥23 years | 93 | 9.3 |
Reading record of formal schooling | ||
Bachelor’s degree | 959 | 95.7 |
Master’s degree and higher | 43 | 4.3 |
Major | ||
Non-medical | 385 | 38.4 |
Medical | 617 | 61.6 |
Family members engaged in medical related occupations | ||
No | 787 | 78.5 |
Yes | 215 | 21.5 |
Questions (Points) | Total | Female | Male | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HPV-related knowledge | Do you know that men can also be infected with HPV? (3) | 1.23 ± 0.86 | 1.24 ± 0.82 | 1.23 ± 0.93 | 0.842 |
What are the ways of transmission of HPV do you know? (3) | 1.52 ± 1.11 | 1.61 ± 1.09 | 1.36 ± 1.13 | 0.001 | |
Do you think men and women with HPV infection need to be treated? (3) | 2.97 ± 0.22 | 2.97 ± 0.22 | 2.97 ± 0.21 | 0.987 | |
Which of the following diseases do you think are associated with HPV infection? (5) | 2.89 ± 1.47 | 3.09 ± 1.41 | 2.57 ± 1.51 | 0.000 | |
Which of the following male diseases do you think are caused by HPV? (3) | 0.99 ± 0.99 | 1.01 ± 0.99 | 0.95 ± 0.99 | 0.396 | |
What do you think is the difference between high-risk HPV and low-risk HPV? (3) | 2.00 ± 1.42 | 2.14 ± 1.36 | 1.76 ± 1.48 | 0.000 | |
Which diseases do you think are caused by high-risk HPV? (4) | 1.72 ± 1.51 | 1.84 ± 1.51 | 1.51 ± 1.49 | 0.001 | |
Do you know anything about transient HPV infection? (3) | 1.01 ± 0.88 | 1.04 ± 0.87 | 0.97 ± 0.92 | 0.208 | |
Do you know about the self-limiting nature of HPV? (3) | 1.09 ± 0.93 | 1.10 ± 0.91 | 1.08 ± 0.97 | 0.798 | |
Do you think there is cross infection between sexual partners? (3) | 2.21 ± 1.32 | 2.35 ± 1.24 | 1.97 ± 1.43 | 0.000 | |
Do you know the basis for the diagnosis of HPV? (3) | 0.66 ± 1.24 | 0.71 ± 1.28 | 0.56 ± 1.17 | 0.058 | |
Do you think men with HPV infection can be cured? (3) | 2.11 ± 1.37 | 2.16 ± 1.35 | 2.03 ± 1.41 | 0.151 | |
Which of the following treatments do you consider to be effective? (5) | 2.34 ± 1.88 | 2.49 ± 1.91 | 2.10 ± 1.81 | 0.001 | |
Total (44) | 22.73 ± 9.01 | 23.74 ± 8.58 | 21.05 ± 9.47 | 0.000 | |
HPV vaccine knowledge | Which group of people do you think should be vaccinated against HPV? (3) | 1.25 ± 1.48 | 1.52 ± 1.50 | 0.79 ± 1.32 | 0.000 |
Do you know the current status of the HPV vaccine for men today? (3) | 0.56 ± 1.17 | 0.49 ± 1.11 | 0.69 ± 1.26 | 0.010 | |
What do you think is the best time to get HPV vaccination? (3) | 2.01 ± 1.41 | 2.22 ± 1.32 | 1.65 ± 1.49 | 0.000 | |
Which of the following diseases do you think HPV vaccination can prevent? (2) | 1.24 ± 0.90 | 1.33 ± 0.88 | 1.09 ± 0.92 | 0.000 | |
Total (11) | 5.06 ± 3.03 | 5.56 ± 2.89 | 4.22 ± 3.07 | 0.000 |
Variable | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | ref | ref |
Male | 0.309 (0.232–0.410) *** | 0.388 (0.287–0.527) *** |
Reading record of formal schooling | ||
Bachelor’s degree | ref | ref |
Master’s degree and higher | 2.131 (0.937–4.847) | 2.513 (0.866–5.353) |
Major | ||
Non-medical | ref | ref |
Medical | 1.312 (0.993–1.734) | 0.983 (0.707–1.368) |
Family members engaged in medical related occupations | ||
No | ref | ref |
Yes | 1.343 (0.949–1.900) | 1.354 (0.927–1.976) |
Heard of HPV | ||
No | ref | ref |
Yes | 3.514 (2.297–5.375) *** | 1.533 (0.932–2.524) |
Heard of the HPV vaccine | ||
No | ref | ref |
Yes | 3.186 (2.387–4.252) *** | 1.397 (0.972–2.008) |
HPV infection knowledge score | ||
Low (≤22) | ref | ref |
High (>22) | 2.615 (1.971–3.469) *** | 1.706 (1.225–2.378) ** |
HPV vaccine knowledge score | ||
Low (≤5) | ref | ref |
High (>5) | 3.612 (2.634–4.952) *** | 2.329 (1.644–3.299) *** |
Variable | Female | Male | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
Reading record of formal schooling | ||||
Bachelor’s degree | ref | ref | ref | ref |
Master’s degree and higher | 3.284 (0.769–14.027) | 2.683 (0.571–12.617) | 1.608 (0.539–4.800) | 1.960 (0.610–6.303) |
Major | ||||
Non-medical | ref | ref | ref | ref |
Medical | 1.236 (0.827–1.847) | 1.037 (0.657–1.637) | 1.360 (0.897–2.063) | 1.046 (0.644–1.700) |
Family members engaged in medical related occupations | ||||
No | ref | ref | ref | ref |
Yes | 1.220 (0.734–2.028) | 1.224 (0.705–2.124) | 1.687 (1.024–2.780) * | 1.603 (0.956–2.688) |
Heard of HPV | ||||
No | ref | ref | ref | ref |
Yes | 5.020 (2.660–9.475) *** | 1.560 (0.736–3.309) | 1.946 (1.089–3.476) * | 1.364 (0.714–2.607) |
Heard of the HPV vaccine | ||||
No | ref | ref | ref | ref |
Yes | 4.440 (2.895–6.811) *** | 2.269 (1.353–3.805) ** | 1.527 (1.012–2.303) * | 0.927 (0.557–1.542) |
HPV infection knowledge score | ||||
Low (≤22) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
High (>22) | 2.590 (1.730–3.878) *** | 1.574 (0.983–2.522) | 2.188 (1.437–3.331) *** | 1.868 (1.154–3.022) * |
HPV vaccine knowledge score | ||||
Low (≤5) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
High (>5) | 4.917 (3.064–7.891) *** | 3.486 (2.122–5.729) * | 1.990 (1.259–3.146) ** | 1.520 (0.901–2.565) |
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Chen, G.; Wu, B.; Dai, X.; Zhang, M.; Liu, Y.; Huang, H.; Mei, K.; Wu, Z. Gender Differences in Knowledge and Attitude towards HPV and HPV Vaccine among College Students in Wenzhou, China. Vaccines 2022, 10, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010010
Chen G, Wu B, Dai X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Huang H, Mei K, Wu Z. Gender Differences in Knowledge and Attitude towards HPV and HPV Vaccine among College Students in Wenzhou, China. Vaccines. 2022; 10(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010010
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Gang, Biao Wu, Xuchao Dai, Mengqi Zhang, Yupeng Liu, Hong Huang, Kun Mei, and Zhigang Wu. 2022. "Gender Differences in Knowledge and Attitude towards HPV and HPV Vaccine among College Students in Wenzhou, China" Vaccines 10, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10010010