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Antioxidants
Volume 8
Issue 11
10.3390/antiox8110511
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Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Link?

by
Gianluca Rizzo
1,
Simone Garzon
2,
Michele Fichera
3,
Marco Marzio Panella
3,
Ursula Catena
4,
Antonio Schiattarella
5,
Pasquale de Franciscis
5,
George Vilos
6,
Jan Tesarik
7,
Péter Török
8 and
Giuseppe Grosso
9,*
1
Independent Researcher
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
3
Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
4
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
5
Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Western University, London, ON N6H5W9, Canada
7
MARGen Clinic, 18006 Granada, Spain
8
Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
9
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antioxidants 2019, 8(11), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8110511
Received: 30 June 2019 / Revised: 29 September 2019 / Accepted: 21 October 2019 / Published: 25 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants: Micronutrients and Antinutrients in Physiology and Pathology)
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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a very common condition among pregnant women worldwide with important metabolic implications on the mother and the offspring. Vitamin D status has been suggested to potentially play a role in GDM risk with no documented consequences for the offspring. The purpose of this article was to review currently available evidence on the relationship between vitamin D and GDM. Current evidence shows an association between vitamin D blood levels and risk of GDM, despite heterogeneity of results across studies limit the conclusions. Moreover, data from randomized controlled trials is scarce and resulting in null findings. Among the limitations to be noted, improving the standardization of dosages, the characteristics of individuals in the sample, and the appropriate outcome measurement could provide a more effective approach in understanding the relationship between vitamin D and GDM. In conclusions, despite observational studies may suggest that adequate vitamin D levels may decrease the risk of GDM compared to deficiency status, evidence from clinical trials is inadequate to draft any definitive conclusion regarding its supplementation. Future better designed randomized clinical trials taking into account a more integrated approach could provide clearer and definitive data on the outcomes of such a multifactorial condition. View Full-Text
Keywords: vitamin D; gestational diabetes mellitus; pregnancy; nutrition; supplements; antenatal care; food fortification vitamin D; gestational diabetes mellitus; pregnancy; nutrition; supplements; antenatal care; food fortification
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Rizzo, G.; Garzon, S.; Fichera, M.; Panella, M.M.; Catena, U.; Schiattarella, A.; de Franciscis, P.; Vilos, G.; Tesarik, J.; Török, P.; Grosso, G. Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Link? Antioxidants 2019, 8, 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8110511

AMA Style

Rizzo G, Garzon S, Fichera M, Panella MM, Catena U, Schiattarella A, de Franciscis P, Vilos G, Tesarik J, Török P, Grosso G. Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Link? Antioxidants. 2019; 8(11):511. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8110511

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rizzo, Gianluca, Simone Garzon, Michele Fichera, Marco M. Panella, Ursula Catena, Antonio Schiattarella, Pasquale de Franciscis, George Vilos, Jan Tesarik, Péter Török, and Giuseppe Grosso. 2019. "Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Link?" Antioxidants 8, no. 11: 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8110511

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