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Antioxidants
Volume 14
Issue 7
10.3390/antiox14070888
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Dysfunction on Oxidative Stress, a Reflection of the Multisystem Interactions in Aortic Stenosis

by
Laura Mourino-Alvarez
1,2,
Inés Perales-Sánchez
1,2,
Germán Hernández-Fernández
1,2,
Gabriel Blanco-López
1,2,
Emilio Blanco-López
2,3,
Rocío Eiros
4,
Cristian Herrera-Flores
4,
Miryam González-Cebrian
4,
Teresa Tejerina
5,
Jesús Piqueras-Flores
6,7,
Pedro Luis Sánchez
4,
Luis F. López-Almodóvar
8,
Luis R. Padial
9 and
Maria G. Barderas
1,2,*,†
1
Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain
2
Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, IDISCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain
3
Department of Cardiology, Ciudad Real General University Hospital, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
4
Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
5
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
6
Heart Failure and Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Ciudad Real General University Hospital, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
7
Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
8
Cardiac Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Toledo, SESCAM, 45007 Toledo, Spain
9
Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Toledo, SESCAM, 45007 Toledo, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Laboratorio de Fisiopatologia Vascular, Edificio de Investigación, 1aPlanta, Despacho 9, Laboratorio 3, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Antioxidants 2025, 14(7), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070888
Submission received: 24 June 2025 / Revised: 15 July 2025 / Accepted: 17 July 2025 / Published: 18 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Harnessing Redox Status and Novel Molecular Signals and Targets Involved in Oxidative Stress to Afford Cardioprotection: From Experimental Insights to Clinical Applications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Progression of aortic stenosis (AS) is aggravated by type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and kidney dysfunction (KD). Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms that triggers AS and is also disturbed among subjects with T2DM and KD. Consequently, we studied the redox homeostasis in four groups of patients, also classifying each patient based on their kidney function: control subjects, T2DM, AS, and AS+T2DM. Free reduced thiols in plasma were analyzed using a colorimetric assay, and the redox state of human serum albumin (HSA) was assessed by immunodetection and PEG-PCMal labeling. Lower levels of thiols were evident in patients with AS and AS+T2DM, while reduced and mildly oxidized HSA was more abundant in T2DM and AS+T2DM patients, reflecting less protection against oxidation. Moreover, the thiol levels decreased as KD increased in patients with AS and AS+T2DM. Differences also exist in reduced and mildly oxidized HSA between patients with normal and severely impaired kidney function, whereas AS patients with severe KD had more strongly oxidized HSA. Our results confirm an imbalance in oxidative stress associated with AS that is aggravated by the coexistence of T2DM and KD. Moreover, T2DM treatment might mitigate this dysfunction, opening the door to new therapeutic approaches for these patients.
Keywords: aortic stenosis; kidney dysfunction; diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; thiols; albumin aortic stenosis; kidney dysfunction; diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; thiols; albumin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mourino-Alvarez, L.; Perales-Sánchez, I.; Hernández-Fernández, G.; Blanco-López, G.; Blanco-López, E.; Eiros, R.; Herrera-Flores, C.; González-Cebrian, M.; Tejerina, T.; Piqueras-Flores, J.; et al. The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Dysfunction on Oxidative Stress, a Reflection of the Multisystem Interactions in Aortic Stenosis. Antioxidants 2025, 14, 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070888

AMA Style

Mourino-Alvarez L, Perales-Sánchez I, Hernández-Fernández G, Blanco-López G, Blanco-López E, Eiros R, Herrera-Flores C, González-Cebrian M, Tejerina T, Piqueras-Flores J, et al. The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Dysfunction on Oxidative Stress, a Reflection of the Multisystem Interactions in Aortic Stenosis. Antioxidants. 2025; 14(7):888. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070888

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mourino-Alvarez, Laura, Inés Perales-Sánchez, Germán Hernández-Fernández, Gabriel Blanco-López, Emilio Blanco-López, Rocío Eiros, Cristian Herrera-Flores, Miryam González-Cebrian, Teresa Tejerina, Jesús Piqueras-Flores, and et al. 2025. "The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Dysfunction on Oxidative Stress, a Reflection of the Multisystem Interactions in Aortic Stenosis" Antioxidants 14, no. 7: 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070888

APA Style

Mourino-Alvarez, L., Perales-Sánchez, I., Hernández-Fernández, G., Blanco-López, G., Blanco-López, E., Eiros, R., Herrera-Flores, C., González-Cebrian, M., Tejerina, T., Piqueras-Flores, J., Sánchez, P. L., López-Almodóvar, L. F., Padial, L. R., & Barderas, M. G. (2025). The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Kidney Dysfunction on Oxidative Stress, a Reflection of the Multisystem Interactions in Aortic Stenosis. Antioxidants, 14(7), 888. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070888

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